Checking a counter’s parallel load feature — choose a valid bench procedure Which procedure would correctly verify that a binary counter supports parallel loading of data (assume the LOAD input is active during the specified clock action)?

Introduction / Context:
Many synchronous counters offer a parallel load capability: when the LOAD control is asserted, the next active clock transfers the pattern present on the DATA inputs directly into the internal registers, overriding the normal count sequence. Verifying this feature on the bench requires a simple, unambiguous procedure.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The counter has a synchronous LOAD input (active level known).
• CLR (asynchronous clear) is inactive unless explicitly noted.
• Outputs Q reflect either the counted value or the loaded value at the active clock edge.

Concept / Approach:
To test parallel load, hold a known pattern on DATA, assert LOAD, and apply one valid clock edge. If the feature works, Q will equal the DATA pattern immediately after the clock, independent of the previous count value. Using all LOWs (000…) or all HIGHs (111…) makes observation straightforward.

Step-by-Step Procedure:

Verification / Alternative check:
Repeat with DATA = 111… while keeping CLR inactive. After the clock with LOAD asserted, Q should read 111…. Remove LOAD and apply additional clocks; Q should now resume counting from the loaded value, demonstrating correct mode switching.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Preset LOAD then assert CLR: CLR forces Q to 0 regardless of DATA, so it does not test LOAD.
• Clock and CLR together: again verifies clear, not load.
• Driving Q terminals directly: outputs are not inputs; this is nonsensical.
• Toggling CLR with LOAD inactive: Q will clear but never mirror DATA.

Common Pitfalls:

• Forgetting to keep CLR inactive when testing LOAD.
• Not asserting LOAD during the clock edge in a synchronous-load device.

Final Answer:
Apply LOWs to the parallel DATA inputs, pulse the CLK input with LOAD asserted, and check for LOWs on all the Q outputs.