Statement — India does not intend to undertake a manned mission to outer space, whereas country X plans such a mission by the end of this year. Question — Which conclusion necessarily follows?
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Aif only conclusion I follows
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Bif only conclusion II follows
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Cif either I or II follows
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Dif neither I nor II follows, and
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ENone of the above
Answer
Correct Answer: if only conclusion II follows
Explanation
Introduction / Context:The stem contrasts policy priorities: country X plans a manned mission soon; India does not want to take such a step now. We test whether a past unmanned success of X is implied and whether India’s priorities exclude a manned mission.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- India’s stated stance: no manned mission (at present).
- Country X: plans manned mission by year end.
Concept / Approach:A statement about current plans/priority supports a conclusion about India’s prioritisation. It does not assert X’s past unmanned achievements.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Conclusion I: “Country X has successfully launched an unmanned recoverable spacecraft earlier.” Not mentioned; many nations plan manned missions without “recoverable” unmanned precursors being stated.Conclusion II: “A manned mission is not in keeping with Indian priorities.” This paraphrases “does not want to undertake” and follows.Verification / Alternative check:Even if X had no such unmanned mission, the stem remains true. India’s stance explicitly reveals priority ordering.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:Any option choosing I imports unstated technical history.
Common Pitfalls:Assuming standard program sequences as given facts.
Final Answer:if only conclusion II follows