Statement — “He is a member of the jury which held Ashok guilty.”\nQuestion — Which conclusion necessarily follows?

Difficulty: Easy

Correct Answer: if neither I nor II follows, and

Explanation:


Introduction / Context:
We are told only that the person was a member of a jury whose collective verdict was “guilty.” We must not presume the individual vote.



Given Data / Assumptions:
Collective verdict ≠ unanimous individual agreement unless stated.



Concept / Approach:
Conclusion I asserts the individual voted “guilty,” which is possible but not necessary. Conclusion II asserts the convict is innocent, contradicting the verdict and also unsupported.



Step-by-Step Solution:


Conclusion I: Could be false in a split jury where a minority dissented. Not entailed.Conclusion II: Asserts innocence; no such claim in the stem. Not entailed.


Verification / Alternative check:
Both scenarios—member voted “guilty” or “not guilty”—fit the stem. Thus neither conclusion necessarily follows.



Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Any option selecting I or II assumes knowledge we do not possess.



Common Pitfalls:
Equating group outcome with each member’s stance.



Final Answer:
if neither I nor II follows, and

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