Tidal terminology: choose the correct statements—(a) the regular periodic rise and fall of the sea surface is called tide; (b) the average difference between high tide and low tide at a place is tidal range; (c) the movement of water caused by the tide is a tidal current.
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AThe regular periodic rise and fall of the surface of the sea, is called tide.
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BThe average difference in water level between high tide and low tide at a place, is called tidal range
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CThe movement of water caused by the action of tide, is called a tidal current
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Dall of the above.
Answer
Correct Answer: all of the above.
Explanation
Introduction / Context:Tidal definitions are fundamental in coastal and port engineering. They affect harbour accessibility, mooring forces, sediment transport, and design levels.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Tides cause cyclic water-level changes due to astronomical forcing.
- Tidal range quantifies the vertical excursion between mean high and low waters.
- Tidal currents are the horizontal water motions driven by these level changes.
Concept / Approach:Each term describes a distinct aspect of the tidal system: vertical oscillation (tide), amplitude (range), and horizontal flow (tidal current). Correct usage is vital for design and navigation notices.
Step-by-Step Solution:Check (a): Definition of tide—correct.Check (b): Definition of tidal range—correct.Check (c): Definition of tidal current—correct.Thus, all are accurate.
Verification / Alternative check:Standard oceanographic glossaries confirm these definitions.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
- Choosing fewer than all misrepresents standard terminology.
Common Pitfalls:
- Confusing storm surges (meteorological) with astronomical tides.
Final Answer:all of the above.