Harbour works: identify the correct statements—(a) an artificial barrier creating a sheltered anchorage is a breakwater; (b) a breakwater whose inside is used as a platform for cargo handling is a mole; (c) the length of a quay wall is governed by the length of the largest vessel likely to be berthed (per-berth planning).
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AAn artificial barrier which makes the enclosed area safe for anchorage of ships, is known as break water
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BThe break water whose inside is used as a plateform for loading and unloading is called a mole
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CThe length of the quay wall is governed by the length of the largest vessel likely to be berthed
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DAll the above.
Answer
Correct Answer: All the above.
Explanation
Introduction / Context:Terminology and dimensioning principles in harbour engineering inform preliminary planning and cost estimation. Understanding what constitutes a breakwater or mole and how berth length relates to vessel size is essential.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Protective works create calm basins for anchorage and operations.
- Working surfaces on the harbour side of a breakwater are termed moles.
- Quay-wall length per berth is related to target vessel length plus allowances for clearance and mooring.
Concept / Approach:(a) Breakwaters shield the basin from waves. (b) When equipped for operations, the interior side functions as a mole. (c) For berth design, the required face length is pegged to the largest design vessel (LOA) with additional clearance; overall quay length for multiple berths scales with traffic and number of berths.
Step-by-Step Solution:Verify (a) and (b): Standard definitions.Verify (c): Per-berth face length is governed by vessel size; aggregate quay length depends on the number of planned berths.Hence, all three statements are acceptable.
Verification / Alternative check:Harbour planning manuals state berth length ≈ LOA + clearance; moles and breakwaters defined as above.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
- Choosing fewer than all omits accepted planning principles and definitions.
Common Pitfalls:
- Confusing overall quay length (multiple berths) with per-berth face length.
Final Answer:All the above.