Arrange the typical flow of a formal meeting from arrival to recommendation in a logical order. a) Presentation b) Recommendation (decision/proposal) c) Arrival (participants assemble) d) Discussion e) Introduction (agenda and participants)

Introduction / Context:
Meetings follow an order that promotes clarity and decision-making. People arrive, introductions set context, a presentation shares information, discussion explores implications, and recommendations capture outcomes.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Arrival must precede any formal activity.
• Introductions and agenda framing come before content.
• Presentations inform discussion.
• Discussion precedes forming recommendations.

Concept / Approach:
Apply dependency logic to ensure each step has prerequisites satisfied: Arrival -> Introduction -> Presentation -> Discussion -> Recommendation.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Arrival (c).Step 2: Introduction/agenda (e).Step 3: Presentation (a).Step 4: Discussion (d).Step 5: Recommendation (b).

Verification / Alternative check:
Parliamentary procedure and common corporate meeting practices map to this chain: information precedes deliberation, which precedes resolutions.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Any sequence placing discussion or recommendation before presentation deprives participants of shared facts; introductions cannot follow presentation logically.

Common Pitfalls:
Skipping introductions leads to unclear objectives and fragmented discussion. Recommendations without prior discussion lack buy-in.

Final Answer:
c, e, a, d, b