Organisational design: In a classic functional organisation (specialist departments), which of the following advantages typically apply?

Introduction / Context:
Functional organisation groups activities by specialism (e.g., planning, quality, maintenance). Expertise deepens, but coordination requires care. This question focuses on typical advantages.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Functional lines staffed by specialists.
• Clear allocation of technical responsibilities.
• Stable, routine manufacturing environment.

Concept / Approach:
Specialisation enhances know-how, standardisation, and process control. This often improves quality, reduces waste, and provides continuous expert guidance and training to operators.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Management literature cites better technical control and economies of specialisation as advantages, despite drawbacks like weaker unity of command.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Single benefits alone understate the broader advantages of functional organisation.“Only faster communication” is not a typical primary advantage; communication can, in fact, be slower across functions.

Common Pitfalls:
Ignoring disadvantages (conflicting authority, coordination overhead) while acknowledging valid strengths.

Final Answer:

All of the above