In time study terminology, the average time recorded across observed cycles (before applying performance rating) is called the ________.
-
AStandard time
-
BNormal time
-
CRepresentative (average observed) time
-
DAllowance time
-
ERated time
Answer
Correct Answer: Representative (average observed) time
Explanation
Introduction / Context:Understanding the ladder from observed time to standard time is essential: observed → representative → normal → standard. Each step formalises adjustments for performance and allowances.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Multiple cycle observations are timed.
- Performance rating and allowance systems are available.
- Stable method and conditions.
Concept / Approach:Representative time is the mean (or statistically suitable average) of observed times after eliminating abnormal values. Normal time = representative time * rating factor. Standard time = normal time + allowances.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Collect observed times → compute average → representative time.Apply rating → obtain normal time.Add allowances → obtain standard time.Verification / Alternative check:Time study manuals explicitly define these terms in the same sequence.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:Standard/Normal are later-stage results; allowance time is only a component.“Rated time” is ambiguous and not the standard terminology here.
Common Pitfalls:Confusing “normal” with “observed”; failing to filter outliers before averaging.
Final Answer:
Representative (average observed) time