Q: Two-step hierarchy analogy — pick the best completion: daisy → flower → plant :: bungalow → house → ?

Introduction / Context: This analogy checks whether you can follow a two-step “is-a” hierarchy and then mirror it in a new domain. On the left, a specific item belongs to a category, which in turn belongs to a broader category. You must map the same two-step relationship to types of human structures on the right. Given Data / Assumptions: Left chain: daisy → flower → plant (specific → category → supercategory). Right chain given: bungalow → house → ? (specific → category → supercategory to be chosen). We need a broad category that includes “house”. Concept / Approach: “Daisy” is a specific kind of flower, and a flower is a part/type within the broader kingdom of “plants”. Mirroring this, a “bungalow” is a specific style of “house”. The next step must be the broader class to which houses belong. “Building” is the natural supercategory encompassing houses along with many other structures. Step-by-Step Solution: Parse left side: daisy is a flower; a flower is part of plants.Map right side: bungalow is a house; a house is a type of building.Evaluate options: building (broad class), cottage (parallel to bungalow, not broader), apartment (a different housing type, not broader than house), city (too broad and not a structural category for single houses).Select the word that stands to “house” as “plant” stands to “flower”: building. Verification / Alternative check: Replace arrows with “is a kind of.” Daisy is a kind of flower; a flower is a kind of plant. Bungalow is a kind of house; a house is a kind of building. Why Other Options Are Wrong: cottage: Lateral housing subtype like bungalow; not a supercategory.apartment: Another housing form; again lateral, not superordinate to “house”.city: A large settlement; not the immediate supercategory of “house”. Common Pitfalls: Picking a word from the same level (cottage/apartment) rather than the next level up in abstraction. Final Answer: building

Q: Category-to-profession analogy — complete the pair: palette, easel, brush : artist :: textbook, lesson plan : ?

Introduction / Context: This analogy uses the relationship “tools associated with → profession.” The first set lists items commonly used by one profession; the second set lists items used by a different profession. Your task is to name the profession that matches the second toolset. Given Data / Assumptions: Left: palette, easel, brush → these are tools for making paintings and drawings. Right: textbook, lesson plan → these are tools or artifacts of classroom instruction. Exactly one answer should be the profession that naturally uses “textbook” and “lesson plan.” Concept / Approach: The pattern is straightforward. Palette, easel, and brush point to the profession “artist.” By analogy, textbook and lesson plan point to “teacher.” We avoid choosing an object or material, because the answer must be a profession to mirror the structure on the left side. Step-by-Step Solution: Identify role on left: artist aligns with palette/easel/brush.Identify typical user on right: a teacher prepares lesson plans and uses textbooks.Evaluate answers: artist (does not match right-hand tools), teacher (matches perfectly), report card (object, not a profession), paint (material, not a profession).Select the profession: teacher. Verification / Alternative check: Substitute into the full analogy: palette:easel:brush are to artist as textbook:lesson plan are to teacher. The grammatical and semantic symmetry holds. Why Other Options Are Wrong: artist: Belongs to the left side toolset, not the right.report card: An assessment document; not a profession.paint: A material; does not map to a role. Common Pitfalls: Choosing any school-related noun; the structure demands a person or role, not an object. Final Answer: teacher

Q: Progression analogy — extend the sequence: rule → command → dictate :: doze → sleep → ?

Introduction / Context: This item tests recognition of graded intensity within two domains and asks you to extend the second domain accordingly. The first trio escalates authority and forcefulness of direction. The second trio should escalate the depth of rest or inactivity in an analogous way. Given Data / Assumptions: Authority sequence: rule → command → dictate (increasing assertiveness/compulsion). Rest sequence: doze → sleep → ? (increasing depth/duration of sleep-like state). We need a term that represents a deeper, more prolonged state than ordinary sleep. Concept / Approach: On the left, each step increases intensity: from general guidance (rule), to direct order (command), to uncompromising direction (dictate). The right side should mirror this with shallow rest (doze), normal rest (sleep), and then an extreme or prolonged state. The natural linguistic choice is “hibernate,” used for extended, deep torpor, and figuratively for very deep sleep. Step-by-Step Solution: Identify the graded quality on the left: rising forcefulness.Translate that to the right: rising depth/duration of sleep.Compare options: snore (a sound during sleep, not a deeper state), govern (authority verb, wrong domain), awaken (opposite of sleeping), hibernate (a deeper, extended sleep state).Choose the parallel escalation: hibernate. Verification / Alternative check: If “dictate” is to “command” as “hibernate” is to “sleep,” both later terms represent a stronger or more extreme form within their domains. Why Other Options Are Wrong: snore: A byproduct of sleep, not a state deeper than sleep.govern: Returns to the authority domain; does not mirror the right sequence.awaken: Opposite of sleeping; breaks the progression. Common Pitfalls: Picking a word associated with sleep without considering the graded intensity requirement. Only “hibernate” clearly expresses a deeper state. Final Answer: hibernate

Q: Analogy by place of purchase — complete the mapping: apples : fruit :: supermarket : ? and novel : book :: bookstore : ?

Introduction / Context: This analogy mixes taxonomy and place-of-purchase relationships. The first pair in each clause shows an item and its category (apples → fruit, novel → book). The second element in each clause then asks for the corresponding venue where items of that category are typically bought. Identifying the commercial context is the core skill. Given Data / Assumptions: apples are a type of fruit; fruit is commonly sold at a supermarket. a novel is a type of book; books are commonly sold at a bookstore. Everyday retail contexts are assumed (no specialty exceptions required). Concept / Approach: The structure is A is-a B; therefore, the normal retail venue for B is C. For produce like fruit, the usual venue is a supermarket or grocery. For books, the usual venue is a bookstore. The correct answer must name the parallel retail venue for the second category, not another item or an activity word. Step-by-Step Solution: Confirm taxonomy: apples → fruit; novel → book.Identify venue for first category: supermarket sells fruit.Identify venue for second category: bookstore sells books.Evaluate choices: bookstore (correct venue), magazine (an item, not a venue), vegetable (a category sibling to fruit), shopping (an activity, not a venue).Select the venue: bookstore. Verification / Alternative check: Read as complete parallels: As fruit is bought at a supermarket, books are bought at a bookstore. The pattern holds cleanly. Why Other Options Are Wrong: magazine: A specific printed item; does not name a store.vegetable: Another food category; not a place of purchase.shopping: An action; not a location or store type. Common Pitfalls: Confusing category members (magazine, vegetable) with the required venue. Always match relationship type, not just topical association. Final Answer: bookstore

Q: Analogy completion — choose the best word to complete the relationship: carpenter : saw, nails :: pediatrician : stethoscope, __

Introduction / Context: This analogy tests recognition of profession-to-tools relationships. A carpenter typically works with tools like a saw and nails. A pediatrician (a doctor who treats children) similarly uses specialized medical instruments. You must select the instrument that best parallels the tool pattern shown for the carpenter. Given Data / Assumptions: Profession: carpenter → uses saw, nails (tools). Profession: pediatrician → uses stethoscope and another appropriate tool. We need a second pediatrician tool that fits naturally with stethoscope. Concept / Approach: Map each word to its role: profession, tool, patient, condition, or generic category. Maintain the same relation type. 'Stethoscope' is a diagnostic instrument; another common, basic clinical instrument used by pediatricians is a 'thermometer.' Objects like 'baby' (patient), 'doctor' (profession), or 'illness' (condition) do not match the tool-of-the-profession relation required by the pattern. Step-by-Step Solution: Identify relation in the first pair: carpenter → uses saw and nails.Identify the pediatrician's common tools: stethoscope is one; thermometer is another.Retain the profession→tools symmetry by choosing 'thermometer.' Verification / Alternative check: Ask whether the chosen word can be carried in the pediatrician's basic kit for routine examinations. A thermometer, like a stethoscope, is a standard, widely used diagnostic tool, confirming the parallelism. Why Other Options Are Wrong: baby: refers to the patient, not a tool. doctor: the profession itself; wrong relation type. illness: a condition; not an instrument. scalpel: a surgical tool more aligned with surgeons; not typically paired with stethoscope in outpatient pediatrics. Common Pitfalls: Confusing the role (person or condition) with instruments. In analogies, keep the relation type consistent: profession → professional tools. Final Answer: thermometer

Q: Analogy completion — choose the best word to complete the relationship: tadpole → frog → amphibian :: lamb → sheep → __

Introduction / Context: This analogy assesses taxonomic classification and life-stage recognition. A tadpole matures into a frog, and the adult frog belongs to the class amphibian. Similarly, a lamb matures into a sheep, and the adult sheep belongs to a broader biological class you must identify. Given Data / Assumptions: Tadpole → frog (life stage transition). Frog → amphibian (class-level category). Lamb → sheep (life stage transition). Sheep → __ (class-level category should parallel amphibian). Concept / Approach: Maintain the pattern 'juvenile → adult → class.' The correct completion is the biological class to which a sheep belongs. Sheep are warm-blooded vertebrates that nurse their young and have hair/wool, placing them in the class Mammalia (mammals). Therefore the best parallel to 'amphibian' is 'mammal.' Step-by-Step Solution: Recognize first chain: tadpole (juvenile) → frog (adult) → amphibian (class).Map second chain: lamb (juvenile) → sheep (adult) → mammal (class).Select the class-level label: 'mammal'. Verification / Alternative check: Check competing choices: 'animal' is too broad (kingdom-level). 'Farm' is not a taxonomic level. 'Wool' is a product, not a class. 'Herbivore' is a diet category, not a biological class. 'Mammal' uniquely mirrors 'amphibian' in taxonomic rank (both are classes), confirming the fit. Why Other Options Are Wrong: animal: an overly broad kingdom label; not parallel to 'amphibian'. farm: not a biological category. wool: a material produced, not a classification. herbivore: diet-based group, not a class. Common Pitfalls: Selecting a true statement that breaks the analogy's level of abstraction. Always match the taxonomy rank used in the first half of the pattern. Final Answer: mammal

Q: Analogy completion — choose the best word to complete the relationship: table : wood : oak :: shirt : cloth : __

Introduction / Context: This analogy checks recognition of material, category, and subtype. A table is made from the material 'wood,' and 'oak' is a specific type of wood. Likewise, a shirt is made from the material 'cloth,' and you must supply a specific subtype of cloth to keep the pattern parallel. Given Data / Assumptions: Object → material → subtype: table → wood → oak. Object → material → subtype: shirt → cloth → __. We need a common fabric subtype that fits the second chain. Concept / Approach: Keep the hierarchy identical. 'Oak' is a subtype of 'wood.' Therefore the blank should be a subtype of 'cloth' used to make shirts. 'Cotton' is a widely used fabric for shirts and is a standard subtype under cloth/textile materials. Other alternatives either change the level (process or object) or do not represent a fabric subtype. Step-by-Step Solution: Identify structure: item → general material → specific material.Apply to shirt: shirt → cloth → cotton fits perfectly.Select 'cotton' to mirror 'oak.' Verification / Alternative check: Ask whether the proposed word is a material used to make the item. Cotton is a cloth; 'tree' is the source of wood, not fabric; 'sewing' is a process; 'dress' is another garment; 'polymer' is a material class but not typically the fabric name for shirts in everyday usage (better examples would be polyester or nylon). Hence, 'cotton' is the most natural and parallel choice. Why Other Options Are Wrong: tree: source category for wood; wrong level and domain. sewing: a process, not a material subtype. dress: an object, not a material. polymer: too abstract and not the common fabric name used for shirts. Common Pitfalls: Confusing source, process, or product levels. Keep the analogy's hierarchy consistent: object → material → subtype of that material. Final Answer: cotton

Q: Analogy completion — choose the best word to complete the relationship: snow : mountain : ski :: warmth : lake : __

Introduction / Context: This analogy links a setting, a condition, and an activity. In cold, snowy mountain settings, a typical recreational activity is to ski. In a warm lakeside setting, the parallel recreational activity should be selected to preserve the same situational logic. Given Data / Assumptions: snow → mountain → ski (condition → place → activity). warmth → lake → __ (condition → place → activity). We must choose an activity naturally associated with warm lakes. Concept / Approach: Map each triad element to its role, then substitute a realistic, common activity for the second scene. 'Swim' is the most immediate and widely associated activity with warm lakes. Other candidates either describe materials, consequences, or broader concepts rather than an activity parallel to 'ski.' Step-by-Step Solution: Identify roles in the first half: snow (condition) + mountain (place) → ski (activity).Apply roles to the second half: warmth (condition) + lake (place) → swim (activity).Thus, 'swim' completes the analogy logically and symmetrically. Verification / Alternative check: Consider frequency and directness: people commonly go to warm lakes to swim. While sailing or boating can also occur, 'swim' most directly mirrors the personal, body-centered activity of 'ski' in the first half. The other options do not function as activities in the same way or are not as prototypical. Why Other Options Are Wrong: sand: a material, not an activity; better associated with beaches than lakes. sunburn: an undesirable consequence, not an activity. vacation: a broad event, not a specific action at the lake. sail: possible but less universally tied to lakes than swimming; also requires equipment. Common Pitfalls: Choosing a word tied to water but not an activity (e.g., 'sand'). Ensure the grammatical and semantic role matches 'ski' as an action verb. Final Answer: swim

Q: Analogy completion — choose the best word to complete the relationship: walk : skip : run :: toss : pitch : __

Introduction / Context: This analogy compares intensities or types of motion within a shared domain. 'Walk, skip, run' are all human locomotion actions that can be ordered loosely by energy or intensity. 'Toss, pitch, __' should likewise be throwing actions ordered by intent or force, leading you to select the strongest or most forceful throw to parallel 'run.' Given Data / Assumptions: First trio: walk → skip → run (increasing intensity/speed of movement). Second trio: toss → pitch → __ (increasing intent/force in throwing). We need a throw verb that is stronger than 'pitch.' Concept / Approach: Order the throw verbs by typical force and intent. 'Toss' implies a light, casual throw; 'pitch' implies a purposeful, aimed throw (as in baseball); 'hurl' implies a very forceful throw with maximum effort. Therefore, 'hurl' best continues the intensification pattern. Step-by-Step Solution: Establish scale 1: walk (low) → skip (moderate) → run (high).Establish scale 2: toss (low) → pitch (moderate) → hurl (high).Select 'hurl' to mirror the escalation seen in the first triad. Verification / Alternative check: Substitute in contexts: you might casually toss a ball to a friend, formally pitch a ball to a batter, or hurl a rock with maximum force. This gradation aligns with the locomotion gradation (walk/skip/run). Why Other Options Are Wrong: jump: locomotion but not a throw; wrong action domain. swerve: motion of turning, not throwing. dance: activity unrelated to throwing. lob: a gentle, high-arc throw, weaker than pitch; breaks the escalation. Common Pitfalls: Picking any throw-related word without checking intensity ordering. The analogy depends on progressive strength, not mere category membership. Final Answer: hurl

Question 1

Choose the picture that would go in the empty box so that the two bottom pictures are related in the same way as the top two:

Accepted Answer

A squirrel is to an acorn as a bird is to a worm. A squirrel eats acorns; a bird eats worms.

Question 2

Word analogy — choose the best completion: candle : lamp : floodlight :: hut : cottage : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This verbal analogy asks you to continue a pattern across two related triplets. The first triplet shows increasing intensity or scale within the category of lighting methods. The second triplet mirrors that idea for types of human shelter. Recognizing the shared relationship and extending it consistently is the key skill being tested. Given Data / Assumptions: Left triplet: candle → lamp → floodlight (progressively brighter and more powerful artificial lighting). Right triplet: hut → cottage → ? (progressively larger or more substantial dwellings are implied). Exactly one answer should preserve the same directional growth pattern as on the left. Concept / Approach: The mapping is based on scale or capacity. Candle, lamp, and floodlight represent a clear escalation in light output and coverage. To mirror this, the housing sequence should escalate in permanence/size/amenity. A hut is very basic. A cottage is modest but more substantial. The natural next step is a larger, standard home category: a house. This keeps the progression parallel and sensible. Step-by-Step Solution: Identify dimension of change on the left: candle < lamp < floodlight (increasing intensity).Apply the same dimension to the right: hut < cottage < ? (increasing dwelling scale).Evaluate candidates: tent (often less permanent than a hut), city (not a single dwelling), dwelling (a generic label, not a step up), house (a clear escalation from cottage).Choose the specific option that best represents the next tier: house. Verification / Alternative check: Substitute and read aloud: candle → lamp → floodlight feels like small → medium → large. Hut → cottage → house mirrors that growth without changing categories. Why Other Options Are Wrong: tent: Typically more temporary and less substantial than a hut; breaks the upward trend.city: A collection of many structures, not a single dwelling; breaks the one-to-one category mapping.dwelling: Overly generic; not a clear next-larger step. Common Pitfalls: Choosing a word that matches the right category but not the direction of increase. The analogy requires both category match and ordered escalation. Final Answer: house

Question 3

Two-step hierarchy analogy — pick the best completion: daisy → flower → plant :: bungalow → house → ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy checks whether you can follow a two-step “is-a” hierarchy and then mirror it in a new domain. On the left, a specific item belongs to a category, which in turn belongs to a broader category. You must map the same two-step relationship to types of human structures on the right. Given Data / Assumptions: Left chain: daisy → flower → plant (specific → category → supercategory). Right chain given: bungalow → house → ? (specific → category → supercategory to be chosen). We need a broad category that includes “house”. Concept / Approach: “Daisy” is a specific kind of flower, and a flower is a part/type within the broader kingdom of “plants”. Mirroring this, a “bungalow” is a specific style of “house”. The next step must be the broader class to which houses belong. “Building” is the natural supercategory encompassing houses along with many other structures. Step-by-Step Solution: Parse left side: daisy is a flower; a flower is part of plants.Map right side: bungalow is a house; a house is a type of building.Evaluate options: building (broad class), cottage (parallel to bungalow, not broader), apartment (a different housing type, not broader than house), city (too broad and not a structural category for single houses).Select the word that stands to “house” as “plant” stands to “flower”: building. Verification / Alternative check: Replace arrows with “is a kind of.” Daisy is a kind of flower; a flower is a kind of plant. Bungalow is a kind of house; a house is a kind of building. Why Other Options Are Wrong: cottage: Lateral housing subtype like bungalow; not a supercategory.apartment: Another housing form; again lateral, not superordinate to “house”.city: A large settlement; not the immediate supercategory of “house”. Common Pitfalls: Picking a word from the same level (cottage/apartment) rather than the next level up in abstraction. Final Answer: building

Question 4

Category-to-profession analogy — complete the pair: palette, easel, brush : artist :: textbook, lesson plan : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy uses the relationship “tools associated with → profession.” The first set lists items commonly used by one profession; the second set lists items used by a different profession. Your task is to name the profession that matches the second toolset. Given Data / Assumptions: Left: palette, easel, brush → these are tools for making paintings and drawings. Right: textbook, lesson plan → these are tools or artifacts of classroom instruction. Exactly one answer should be the profession that naturally uses “textbook” and “lesson plan.” Concept / Approach: The pattern is straightforward. Palette, easel, and brush point to the profession “artist.” By analogy, textbook and lesson plan point to “teacher.” We avoid choosing an object or material, because the answer must be a profession to mirror the structure on the left side. Step-by-Step Solution: Identify role on left: artist aligns with palette/easel/brush.Identify typical user on right: a teacher prepares lesson plans and uses textbooks.Evaluate answers: artist (does not match right-hand tools), teacher (matches perfectly), report card (object, not a profession), paint (material, not a profession).Select the profession: teacher. Verification / Alternative check: Substitute into the full analogy: palette:easel:brush are to artist as textbook:lesson plan are to teacher. The grammatical and semantic symmetry holds. Why Other Options Are Wrong: artist: Belongs to the left side toolset, not the right.report card: An assessment document; not a profession.paint: A material; does not map to a role. Common Pitfalls: Choosing any school-related noun; the structure demands a person or role, not an object. Final Answer: teacher

Question 5

Progression analogy — extend the sequence: rule → command → dictate :: doze → sleep → ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This item tests recognition of graded intensity within two domains and asks you to extend the second domain accordingly. The first trio escalates authority and forcefulness of direction. The second trio should escalate the depth of rest or inactivity in an analogous way. Given Data / Assumptions: Authority sequence: rule → command → dictate (increasing assertiveness/compulsion). Rest sequence: doze → sleep → ? (increasing depth/duration of sleep-like state). We need a term that represents a deeper, more prolonged state than ordinary sleep. Concept / Approach: On the left, each step increases intensity: from general guidance (rule), to direct order (command), to uncompromising direction (dictate). The right side should mirror this with shallow rest (doze), normal rest (sleep), and then an extreme or prolonged state. The natural linguistic choice is “hibernate,” used for extended, deep torpor, and figuratively for very deep sleep. Step-by-Step Solution: Identify the graded quality on the left: rising forcefulness.Translate that to the right: rising depth/duration of sleep.Compare options: snore (a sound during sleep, not a deeper state), govern (authority verb, wrong domain), awaken (opposite of sleeping), hibernate (a deeper, extended sleep state).Choose the parallel escalation: hibernate. Verification / Alternative check: If “dictate” is to “command” as “hibernate” is to “sleep,” both later terms represent a stronger or more extreme form within their domains. Why Other Options Are Wrong: snore: A byproduct of sleep, not a state deeper than sleep.govern: Returns to the authority domain; does not mirror the right sequence.awaken: Opposite of sleeping; breaks the progression. Common Pitfalls: Picking a word associated with sleep without considering the graded intensity requirement. Only “hibernate” clearly expresses a deeper state. Final Answer: hibernate

Question 6

Analogy by place of purchase — complete the mapping: apples : fruit :: supermarket : ? and novel : book :: bookstore : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy mixes taxonomy and place-of-purchase relationships. The first pair in each clause shows an item and its category (apples → fruit, novel → book). The second element in each clause then asks for the corresponding venue where items of that category are typically bought. Identifying the commercial context is the core skill. Given Data / Assumptions: apples are a type of fruit; fruit is commonly sold at a supermarket. a novel is a type of book; books are commonly sold at a bookstore. Everyday retail contexts are assumed (no specialty exceptions required). Concept / Approach: The structure is A is-a B; therefore, the normal retail venue for B is C. For produce like fruit, the usual venue is a supermarket or grocery. For books, the usual venue is a bookstore. The correct answer must name the parallel retail venue for the second category, not another item or an activity word. Step-by-Step Solution: Confirm taxonomy: apples → fruit; novel → book.Identify venue for first category: supermarket sells fruit.Identify venue for second category: bookstore sells books.Evaluate choices: bookstore (correct venue), magazine (an item, not a venue), vegetable (a category sibling to fruit), shopping (an activity, not a venue).Select the venue: bookstore. Verification / Alternative check: Read as complete parallels: As fruit is bought at a supermarket, books are bought at a bookstore. The pattern holds cleanly. Why Other Options Are Wrong: magazine: A specific printed item; does not name a store.vegetable: Another food category; not a place of purchase.shopping: An action; not a location or store type. Common Pitfalls: Confusing category members (magazine, vegetable) with the required venue. Always match relationship type, not just topical association. Final Answer: bookstore

Question 7

Analogy completion — choose the best word to complete the relationship: ant, fly, bee :: hamster, squirrel, __

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This verbal analogy asks you to detect the category pattern connecting two trios of living things. The first group consists of insects (ant, fly, bee). The second group lists two specific small mammals (hamster, squirrel) followed by a blank. To complete the pattern, you must supply the appropriate category term that parallels how the first trio is related. Given Data / Assumptions: First set: ant, fly, bee (all insects). Second set: hamster, squirrel, __ (both are small mammals within the order Rodentia). We seek a single best completion that preserves the same type of grouping relationship. Concept / Approach: In classic analogies, a list of exemplars is often followed by the hypernym (the category label) to show parallel structure. Because ant, fly, and bee are members of the category 'insect,' the second list should similarly resolve to the category that includes both hamster and squirrel, namely 'rodent.' Picking another exemplar (like 'mouse') would change the structure from exemplar→exemplar→exemplar to exemplar→exemplar→exemplar, which does not mirror the category-based closure implicit in the first set's logic. Step-by-Step Solution: Identify category of the first trio: ant, fly, bee → insects.Identify category of the second duo: hamster, squirrel → rodents.Maintain parallelism: exemplars → category label.Best completion is the hypernym that covers hamster and squirrel: 'rodent'. Verification / Alternative check: Test replacements: If we chose 'mouse,' the set becomes three rodents (hamster, squirrel, mouse), which parallels the structure of the first set but does not shift to a category label. However, the cue of three named insects in the first set points to the understood category 'insect.' Thus it is most consistent to answer with the category label 'rodent.' Why Other Options Are Wrong: mouse: is a rodent exemplar, not the category. cat: a carnivorous mammal; not in Rodentia. spider: an arachnid, not a mammal. mammal: too broad; hamster and squirrel are mammals, but the tighter, parallel category is 'rodent'. Common Pitfalls: Choosing another example instead of the category. In analogy problems, check whether the pattern expects a hypernym rather than another hyponym. Final Answer: rodent

Question 8

Analogy completion — choose the best word to complete the relationship: carpenter : saw, nails :: pediatrician : stethoscope, __

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy tests recognition of profession-to-tools relationships. A carpenter typically works with tools like a saw and nails. A pediatrician (a doctor who treats children) similarly uses specialized medical instruments. You must select the instrument that best parallels the tool pattern shown for the carpenter. Given Data / Assumptions: Profession: carpenter → uses saw, nails (tools). Profession: pediatrician → uses stethoscope and another appropriate tool. We need a second pediatrician tool that fits naturally with stethoscope. Concept / Approach: Map each word to its role: profession, tool, patient, condition, or generic category. Maintain the same relation type. 'Stethoscope' is a diagnostic instrument; another common, basic clinical instrument used by pediatricians is a 'thermometer.' Objects like 'baby' (patient), 'doctor' (profession), or 'illness' (condition) do not match the tool-of-the-profession relation required by the pattern. Step-by-Step Solution: Identify relation in the first pair: carpenter → uses saw and nails.Identify the pediatrician's common tools: stethoscope is one; thermometer is another.Retain the profession→tools symmetry by choosing 'thermometer.' Verification / Alternative check: Ask whether the chosen word can be carried in the pediatrician's basic kit for routine examinations. A thermometer, like a stethoscope, is a standard, widely used diagnostic tool, confirming the parallelism. Why Other Options Are Wrong: baby: refers to the patient, not a tool. doctor: the profession itself; wrong relation type. illness: a condition; not an instrument. scalpel: a surgical tool more aligned with surgeons; not typically paired with stethoscope in outpatient pediatrics. Common Pitfalls: Confusing the role (person or condition) with instruments. In analogies, keep the relation type consistent: profession → professional tools. Final Answer: thermometer

Question 9

Analogy completion — choose the best word to complete the relationship: tadpole → frog → amphibian :: lamb → sheep → __

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy assesses taxonomic classification and life-stage recognition. A tadpole matures into a frog, and the adult frog belongs to the class amphibian. Similarly, a lamb matures into a sheep, and the adult sheep belongs to a broader biological class you must identify. Given Data / Assumptions: Tadpole → frog (life stage transition). Frog → amphibian (class-level category). Lamb → sheep (life stage transition). Sheep → __ (class-level category should parallel amphibian). Concept / Approach: Maintain the pattern 'juvenile → adult → class.' The correct completion is the biological class to which a sheep belongs. Sheep are warm-blooded vertebrates that nurse their young and have hair/wool, placing them in the class Mammalia (mammals). Therefore the best parallel to 'amphibian' is 'mammal.' Step-by-Step Solution: Recognize first chain: tadpole (juvenile) → frog (adult) → amphibian (class).Map second chain: lamb (juvenile) → sheep (adult) → mammal (class).Select the class-level label: 'mammal'. Verification / Alternative check: Check competing choices: 'animal' is too broad (kingdom-level). 'Farm' is not a taxonomic level. 'Wool' is a product, not a class. 'Herbivore' is a diet category, not a biological class. 'Mammal' uniquely mirrors 'amphibian' in taxonomic rank (both are classes), confirming the fit. Why Other Options Are Wrong: animal: an overly broad kingdom label; not parallel to 'amphibian'. farm: not a biological category. wool: a material produced, not a classification. herbivore: diet-based group, not a class. Common Pitfalls: Selecting a true statement that breaks the analogy's level of abstraction. Always match the taxonomy rank used in the first half of the pattern. Final Answer: mammal

Question 10

Analogy completion — choose the best word to complete the relationship: table : wood : oak :: shirt : cloth : __

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy checks recognition of material, category, and subtype. A table is made from the material 'wood,' and 'oak' is a specific type of wood. Likewise, a shirt is made from the material 'cloth,' and you must supply a specific subtype of cloth to keep the pattern parallel. Given Data / Assumptions: Object → material → subtype: table → wood → oak. Object → material → subtype: shirt → cloth → __. We need a common fabric subtype that fits the second chain. Concept / Approach: Keep the hierarchy identical. 'Oak' is a subtype of 'wood.' Therefore the blank should be a subtype of 'cloth' used to make shirts. 'Cotton' is a widely used fabric for shirts and is a standard subtype under cloth/textile materials. Other alternatives either change the level (process or object) or do not represent a fabric subtype. Step-by-Step Solution: Identify structure: item → general material → specific material.Apply to shirt: shirt → cloth → cotton fits perfectly.Select 'cotton' to mirror 'oak.' Verification / Alternative check: Ask whether the proposed word is a material used to make the item. Cotton is a cloth; 'tree' is the source of wood, not fabric; 'sewing' is a process; 'dress' is another garment; 'polymer' is a material class but not typically the fabric name for shirts in everyday usage (better examples would be polyester or nylon). Hence, 'cotton' is the most natural and parallel choice. Why Other Options Are Wrong: tree: source category for wood; wrong level and domain. sewing: a process, not a material subtype. dress: an object, not a material. polymer: too abstract and not the common fabric name used for shirts. Common Pitfalls: Confusing source, process, or product levels. Keep the analogy's hierarchy consistent: object → material → subtype of that material. Final Answer: cotton

Question 11

Analogy completion — choose the best word to complete the relationship: snow : mountain : ski :: warmth : lake : __

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy links a setting, a condition, and an activity. In cold, snowy mountain settings, a typical recreational activity is to ski. In a warm lakeside setting, the parallel recreational activity should be selected to preserve the same situational logic. Given Data / Assumptions: snow → mountain → ski (condition → place → activity). warmth → lake → __ (condition → place → activity). We must choose an activity naturally associated with warm lakes. Concept / Approach: Map each triad element to its role, then substitute a realistic, common activity for the second scene. 'Swim' is the most immediate and widely associated activity with warm lakes. Other candidates either describe materials, consequences, or broader concepts rather than an activity parallel to 'ski.' Step-by-Step Solution: Identify roles in the first half: snow (condition) + mountain (place) → ski (activity).Apply roles to the second half: warmth (condition) + lake (place) → swim (activity).Thus, 'swim' completes the analogy logically and symmetrically. Verification / Alternative check: Consider frequency and directness: people commonly go to warm lakes to swim. While sailing or boating can also occur, 'swim' most directly mirrors the personal, body-centered activity of 'ski' in the first half. The other options do not function as activities in the same way or are not as prototypical. Why Other Options Are Wrong: sand: a material, not an activity; better associated with beaches than lakes. sunburn: an undesirable consequence, not an activity. vacation: a broad event, not a specific action at the lake. sail: possible but less universally tied to lakes than swimming; also requires equipment. Common Pitfalls: Choosing a word tied to water but not an activity (e.g., 'sand'). Ensure the grammatical and semantic role matches 'ski' as an action verb. Final Answer: swim

Question 12

Analogy completion — choose the best word to complete the relationship: walk : skip : run :: toss : pitch : __

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy compares intensities or types of motion within a shared domain. 'Walk, skip, run' are all human locomotion actions that can be ordered loosely by energy or intensity. 'Toss, pitch, __' should likewise be throwing actions ordered by intent or force, leading you to select the strongest or most forceful throw to parallel 'run.' Given Data / Assumptions: First trio: walk → skip → run (increasing intensity/speed of movement). Second trio: toss → pitch → __ (increasing intent/force in throwing). We need a throw verb that is stronger than 'pitch.' Concept / Approach: Order the throw verbs by typical force and intent. 'Toss' implies a light, casual throw; 'pitch' implies a purposeful, aimed throw (as in baseball); 'hurl' implies a very forceful throw with maximum effort. Therefore, 'hurl' best continues the intensification pattern. Step-by-Step Solution: Establish scale 1: walk (low) → skip (moderate) → run (high).Establish scale 2: toss (low) → pitch (moderate) → hurl (high).Select 'hurl' to mirror the escalation seen in the first triad. Verification / Alternative check: Substitute in contexts: you might casually toss a ball to a friend, formally pitch a ball to a batter, or hurl a rock with maximum force. This gradation aligns with the locomotion gradation (walk/skip/run). Why Other Options Are Wrong: jump: locomotion but not a throw; wrong action domain. swerve: motion of turning, not throwing. dance: activity unrelated to throwing. lob: a gentle, high-arc throw, weaker than pitch; breaks the escalation. Common Pitfalls: Picking any throw-related word without checking intensity ordering. The analogy depends on progressive strength, not mere category membership. Final Answer: hurl

Question 13

Analogy completion — choose the best word to complete the relationship: meal : banquet : feast :: shelter : palace : __

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: The first trio clusters near-synonyms or related terms, with a sense of scale or grandeur: meal (general) → banquet/feast (large or celebratory meals). The second trio should similarly cluster near-synonyms within the domain of safety/refuge, moving from general concept to more vivid instances. We must pick the best synonym that pairs naturally with 'shelter' and resonates alongside 'palace' in the sequence structure. Given Data / Assumptions: First trio: meal, banquet, feast (food/repast terms with increasing scale/formality). Second: shelter, palace, __ (safety/refuge/building-related words). We seek a word that functions as a close synonym to 'shelter' (refuge). Concept / Approach: Although 'palace' is an ornate residence, the governing idea of the second line is refuge/safe place. The most semantically parallel completion is 'haven,' which directly means a place of safety or refuge. 'Mansion' is a large residence but emphasizes luxury, not safety. Abstract nouns like 'protection' name a condition rather than a place. Thus, 'haven' best completes the trio as a close shelter-synonym balancing the cluster manner of the first trio. Step-by-Step Solution: Understand pattern in set 1: general term (meal) and grand forms (banquet, feast).Map set 2 to refuge domain: shelter (general refuge) and a prominent dwelling (palace) appear; provide a direct refuge synonym to complete cluster.Select 'haven' as a place-of-safety word parallel to 'shelter.' Verification / Alternative check: Try substitutions: 'shelter, palace, haven' reads like three place-words, two of which emphasize refuge; 'mansion' would tilt toward luxury housing instead of protection. 'Haven' strengthens the semantic core of safety/refuge, matching the clustering logic used in the first line (related terms within a theme). Why Other Options Are Wrong: mansion: focuses on size/luxury, not refuge. hallway: part of a building, not a refuge. protection: abstract condition, not a place. tent: a type of shelter but overly specific and not as close a synonym to 'shelter' as 'haven.' Common Pitfalls: Over-focusing on 'palace' and drifting into luxury-housing words. Keep the core theme of refuge and safety in mind. Final Answer: haven

Question 14

Analogy completion — choose the best word to complete the relationship: honeybee, angel, bat :: kangaroo, rabbit, __

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Here you must recognize a movement-based grouping. The first trio (honeybee, angel, bat) consists of beings commonly depicted or known to fly. The second trio should then present beings commonly known to hop or leap, preserving a consistent action theme across sets. Given Data / Assumptions: First set: honeybee (flies), angel (flies in portrayals), bat (flies; a mammal). Second set: kangaroo (hops), rabbit (hops), __ (should also hop). We need a natural candidate that is prototypically associated with hopping. Concept / Approach: Once the first set's common action (flying) is identified, mirror it with a second set bound by another common action (hopping). 'Grasshopper' is strongly associated with hopping/jumping as its primary mode of motion, making it the best fit for the blank. Alternative choices do not match the intended motion or are mythical/unreal. Step-by-Step Solution: Extract action for set 1: honeybee/angel/bat → fly.Extract action for set 2: kangaroo/rabbit → hop.Choose a creature whose prototypical action is to hop → 'grasshopper.' Verification / Alternative check: Consider each option's default motion: 'grasshopper' hops; 'possum' typically walks/climbs; 'sprinter' denotes a fast runner (human), not a hopper; 'mermaid' is mythical, associated with swimming; 'gazelle' runs and bounds but is not a stereotypical 'hopper.' Thus, 'grasshopper' uniquely fits. Why Other Options Are Wrong: mermaid: mythical; associated with swimming, not hopping. possum: climbs/walks; not a hopper. sprinter: describes speed running; mismatched action. gazelle: running/bounding ungulate; not iconic for hopping. Common Pitfalls: Letting superficial attributes (mammal vs. insect) distract from the action-based rule. The decisive property is typical movement behavior. Final Answer: grasshopper

Question 15

Analogy completion — choose the best word to complete the relationship: fence, wall → boundary :: path, alley → __

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy examines category recognition for built-environment terms. A fence and a wall are both types of boundaries; similarly, a path and an alley are types of what? Identifying the higher-level category that subsumes the given examples is the key. Given Data / Assumptions: Fence/wall → boundary (category). Path/alley → __ (seek the relevant category). All terms concern human movement and spatial demarcation. Concept / Approach: Abstract the examples to a hypernym. 'Fence' and 'wall' define or restrict space, so 'boundary' fits. 'Path' and 'alley' are ways or corridors for movement from one place to another, so a fitting category is 'passageway.' Choose the broader, neutral term that covers both a small footpath and a narrow urban lane. Step-by-Step Solution: Generalize set 1: fence, wall → boundary.Generalize set 2: path, alley → passageway (a route or corridor for transit).Select 'passageway' to mirror the boundary hypernym. Verification / Alternative check: Check alternatives: 'thoroughfare' often implies a main road open to general traffic, which can be too large or vehicular; 'ramp' is a sloped surface; 'airfield' is unrelated; 'pedestrian' is an adjective/noun, not a place category. 'Passageway' best covers both 'path' and 'alley.' Why Other Options Are Wrong: ramp: a specific structure, not the class containing both path and alley. airfield: unrelated domain. pedestrian: describes people or foot traffic, not the route itself. thoroughfare: usually larger/vehicular; does not neatly include narrow paths. Common Pitfalls: Choosing a word that is related to movement but not the correct category level. Always match the hypernym role used in the first mapping. Final Answer: passageway

Question 16

Analogies — select the pair with the same relationship as: BINDING : BOOK

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This classic analogy asks you to find the pair that stands in the same relation as 'binding : book'. A binding is a component or encasing element associated with a book; it is part of how a book is held together and presented. We seek a parallel part-to-object or encasing-to-item relationship among the options. Given Data / Assumptions: Stimulus pair: binding : book (component/accessory associated with a specific object). Answer options are diverse relation types (member-group, tool-object, role-role, etc.). Exactly one option should mirror the same functional association. Concept / Approach: Identify the semantic relation precisely: a binding holds together or surrounds pages; it is affixed to the book as an integral encasement/structural accessory. An analogous relation would be something that surrounds or holds an object for presentation or protection, like a frame around a picture. Other relations (criminal to gang, display to museum, nail to hammer, artist to carpenter) represent different logics (member→group, action→location, object→tool, profession→profession) and are therefore non-parallel. Step-by-Step Solution: Parse stimulus: binding is an accessory/structural part of a book.Scan options for an accessory/structural part associated with an object.'frame : picture' fits as a surrounding structure for display/protection of a picture.Thus, select 'frame : picture'. Verification / Alternative check: Try substituting definitions: A binding encloses and supports a book's pages; a frame encloses and supports a picture. Both share the surround-and-support role. No other option matches this surround/encase function. Why Other Options Are Wrong: criminal : gang → member to group relationship; not part-to-object. display : museum → action to location; mismatched roles. artist : carpenter → two professions; no containment/part relation. nail : hammer → fastener and tool; tool-uses-object relation, not encasement of a specific artifact. Common Pitfalls: Confusing any adjacency (tool-object, place-activity) for part-whole or encasement relations. The key is the 'surrounds/supports' parallel. Final Answer: frame : picture

Question 17

Analogies – Choose the pair that best completes the relationship. EXPLORE : DISCOVER :: ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Analogies test verbal reasoning by asking you to identify the relationship between a given pair and then select a second pair that mirrors the same relationship. Here, EXPLORE leads to the result DISCOVER. We must find a pair in which the first action naturally produces the second outcome. Given Data / Assumptions: EXPLORE is an action. DISCOVER is a typical result or consequence of exploring. We seek an action → outcome pairing of similar strength and direction. Concept / Approach: The core pattern is cause-and-effect: performing the first activity tends to yield the second result. The best analogies preserve part of speech, directionality, and semantic strength. We also avoid pairs that are merely synonyms, opposites, categories, or tools without a causal link. Step-by-Step Solution: 1) Analyze EXPLORE : DISCOVER as action → outcome.2) Evaluate 'research : learn': researching commonly produces learning, so action → outcome fits.3) Check 'read : skim': skimming is a type of reading, not a consequence of it, so the direction is wrong.4) Check 'write : print': printing is not the direct, necessary result of writing; it is a separate process.5) Check 'think : relate': relating is not the standard outcome of thinking; relation is one possible cognitive act.6) Check 'sleep : wake': these are sequential states, not cause-and-effect in the required sense. Verification / Alternative check: Replace EXPLORE with RESEARCH and DISCOVER with LEARN in a sentence: 'If you explore, you discover' parallels 'If you research, you learn.' Both are broadly and typically true without forcing exceptions. Why Other Options Are Wrong: read : skim – Skimming is a subset of reading, not a usual consequence. write : print – Printing is optional and external to writing. think : relate – Not a fixed or defining outcome. sleep : wake – Sequential states rather than action → result. Common Pitfalls: Confusing subset relationships or temporal sequences with causal outcomes is common. Ensure the first term tends to produce the second, not merely associate with it. Final Answer: research : learn

Question 18

Analogies – Choose the pair that best completes the relationship. SIAMESE : CAT :: ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy asks you to identify a category relationship. 'Siamese' names a specific breed that belongs to the broader category 'cat.' We must choose a pair where the first is a specific kind of the second. Given Data / Assumptions: Siamese is a breed within the species cat. We require a 'specific kind : broader category' relation. Concept / Approach: Correct analogies preserve hierarchy and direction: the first term is a member or subtype of the second. Distractors often use part–whole, synonym, tool–user, or reversed relations. Step-by-Step Solution: 1) SIAMESE : CAT means 'Siamese is a type of cat.'2) 'romaine : lettuce' means 'Romaine is a type of lettuce' which matches perfectly.3) 'dog : puppy' is age-stage, not category; puppy is a young dog.4) 'type : breed' reverses and mixes meta-terms rather than concrete category membership.5) 'mark : spot' are near synonyms, not hierarchical.6) 'collar : leash' are co-objects, not category relations. Verification / Alternative check: Try substitution: 'A Siamese is a cat' and 'Romaine is lettuce' are both true category statements, preserving direction and specificity. Why Other Options Are Wrong: type : breed – Abstract terms; not a concrete subtype-to-class example. dog : puppy – Stage-of-life relation, not subtype-to-class. mark : spot – Synonymous, lacks hierarchy. collar : leash – Associated objects, not category. Common Pitfalls: Do not confuse 'kind of' with 'part of' or 'associated with.' The best analogies maintain the same taxonomy-like structure. Final Answer: romaine : lettuce

Question 19

Analogies – Choose the pair that best completes the relationship. FINCH : BIRD :: ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: FINCH is a specific kind of BIRD. The task is to find a pair that exhibits the same 'subtype : category' relationship with the same directionality. Given Data / Assumptions: Finch is a bird species. We need a specific kind within a broader class. Concept / Approach: Maintain taxonomy: the first term must be a member of the second term’s class. Eliminate options that are cross-class, synonyms, stages, or incorrect classifications. Step-by-Step Solution: 1) FINCH : BIRD = specific species : broader animal class.2) 'Dalmatian : dog' matches exactly (breed within species).3) 'frog : toad' are separate animals of similar order; not a subtype relation.4) 'elephant : reptile' is factually incorrect category mapping.5) 'collie : marsupial' is incorrect class; collie is a dog breed, not a marsupial.6) 'ant : ladybug' are unrelated insect species; no hierarchy. Verification / Alternative check: Replace the structure in a sentence: 'A finch is a bird.' 'A Dalmatian is a dog.' Both statements are true and structurally identical. Why Other Options Are Wrong: frog : toad – Parallel species, not subtype to class. elephant : reptile – Wrong classification. collie : marsupial – Wrong classification. ant : ladybug – Different species; no hierarchy. Common Pitfalls: Beware of pairs that feel related but do not reflect the same taxonomic direction. The best answer mirrors both relation and direction. Final Answer: Dalmatian : dog

Question 20

Analogies – Choose the pair that best completes the relationship. PETAL : FLOWER :: ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: A PETAL is a part of a FLOWER. The analogy requires a 'part : whole' relationship, maintaining the same direction from part to the complete object. Given Data / Assumptions: Petal is a component of a flower. We need a part that belongs to a larger object. Concept / Approach: Search for a pair where the first item is a physical component of the second. Remove pairs that are merely associated, opposed, categorical, or stage-of-life relations. Step-by-Step Solution: 1) Identify the relation: component → assembly.2) 'tire : bicycle' matches, as a tire is part of a bicycle.3) 'salt : pepper' are co-listed spices, not part–whole.4) 'base : ball' is ambiguous and not a component of the physical object ball.5) 'sandals : shoes' is category overlap (both are footwear types), not part–whole.6) 'puppy : dog' is age-stage, not part–whole. Verification / Alternative check: Test with 'is a part of': 'A petal is a part of a flower' and 'A tire is a part of a bicycle' are both true. Directionality is preserved from part to whole. Why Other Options Are Wrong: salt : pepper – Association, not part–whole. base : ball – Not a structural component. sandals : shoes – Category peers, not part of. puppy : dog – Developmental stage, not part–whole. Common Pitfalls: Do not select pairs that are commonly paired items; the test demands structural relationships, not co-occurrence. Final Answer: tire : bicycle

Analogies Questions