Logical reasoning — Pictures, storybooks, and words (choose the statement that must be true) Facts: Pictures can tell a story. All storybooks have pictures. Some storybooks have words. Which statement must also be a fact?

Difficulty: Easy

Correct Answer: III only

Explanation:


Introduction / Context:
The problem mixes existence statements (“some”) with universals (“all”). We must identify a conclusion that holds in every scenario consistent with the premises, without adding assumptions like “better than” or “very simple,” which are not given.



Given Data / Assumptions:

  • Pictures can tell a story.
  • Every storybook has pictures.
  • Some storybooks also contain words.


Concept / Approach:
Because all storybooks have pictures, any storybook that has words must have both words and pictures. Statements comparing pictures and words by quality or implying simplicity are not grounded in the premises.



Step-by-Step Solution:

I: “Pictures can tell a story better than words can.” No comparative claim is provided. Not a must.II: “The stories in storybooks are very simple.” No statement about complexity is given. Not a must.III: “Some storybooks have both words and pictures.” Since all storybooks have pictures and some have words, those “some” necessarily have both. III is a must.


Verification / Alternative check:
Let S be the set of storybooks, W ⊆ S the subset with words. Because every element of S has pictures, every element of W has pictures too. If W is nonempty (given), then “some storybooks have both” is guaranteed.



Why Other Options Are Wrong:

  • I only / II only: Introduce unsupported comparisons or qualities.
  • None of the statements is a known fact.: Incorrect because III is compelled.
  • I and III only: Includes I, which is not given.


Common Pitfalls:
Adding value judgments or comparative claims not present in the facts; forgetting that “all S have P” combined with “some S have Q” implies “some S have both P and Q.”



Final Answer:
III only

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