What is the ratio x : y? I. 40% of x equals 20% of 50. II. 30% of y equals 25% of 72.

Introduction / Context:
We must find x : y. Statements provide one equation for x and one for y separately.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• I: 0.4x = 0.2 * 50 ⇒ x = 25.
• II: 0.3y = 0.25 * 72 ⇒ 0.3y = 18 ⇒ y = 60.

Concept / Approach:
Knowing x alone or y alone does not yield the ratio. Together they directly produce x : y.

Step-by-Step Solution:
From I: x = 25.From II: y = 60.Therefore x : y = 25 : 60 = 5 : 12.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Neither I nor II alone suffices for a ratio; “either” is incorrect; “even both not sufficient” is false.

Final Answer:
Both statements together are necessary.