Heat partition in continuous chip cutting: The amount of maximum heat generated in cutting primarily __________ the cutting velocity.

Introduction / Context:
During metal cutting, mechanical work converts to heat in the shear zone and at the tool–chip interface. Cutting velocity strongly influences heat generation rate and the share carried by the chip. The question asks whether the maximum heat depends on cutting speed.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Continuous chip formation in ductile metals.
• Comparable feed and depth of cut.
• Similar tooling and coolant conditions.

Concept / Approach:
Total heat Q per unit time is roughly proportional to cutting power (force * velocity). Increasing cutting speed, for a given force level, raises power and thus heat generation rate. Although forces can decrease somewhat with speed due to thermal softening, overall heat rate generally rises with speed, and the fraction carried away by the chip also increases.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Dynamometer and thermocouple studies show tool–chip interface temperatures and chip exit temperatures increase with speed for constant geometry and feed, confirming speed dependence.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Claiming “does not depend” contradicts the direct role of velocity in power; only in narrow regimes with dramatic force drop could heat rate plateau, which is not the general case.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing heat fraction (distribution among chip/tool/work) with absolute heat rate; both are influenced by speed but in different ways.

Final Answer:
depends upon