Assertion–Reason (Two Reasons): Assertion (A): Youth music preferences have shifted from Indian ghazals/Bollywood to American hip hop and rock. Reason (R1): American music is more lively. Reason (R2): Ghazals and Bollywood music are difficult to understand.
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AIf only reason 1 (R1) and not reason 2 (R2) is the reason for the assertion (A).
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BIf only reason 2 (R2) and not reason 1 (R1) is the reason for the assertion (A).
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CIf both (R1) and (R2) are reasons for the assertion (A).
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DIf neither (R1) nor (R2) is the reason for the assertion (A).
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EIf (R1) is partly correct and (R2) is partly correct.
Answer
Correct Answer: If both (R1) and (R2) are reasons for the assertion (A).
Explanation
Introduction / Context:This item involves cultural preference shifts. We must see whether the stated reasons could plausibly contribute to the asserted change, recognizing that music taste is multi-factorial and subjective.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- (A) Claims a shift in youth preferences.
- (R1) Says American genres are “more lively.”
- (R2) Says ghazals/Bollywood are “difficult to understand.”
Concept / Approach:While both reasons are value-laden, they capture plausible perceived attributes affecting youth choices: tempo/energy for (R1); linguistic/poetic complexity or formalism for (R2). Explanations in cultural domains need not be absolute to be contributory.
Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Youth may perceive hip hop/rock as higher-energy, dance-friendly—supporting (R1).2) Ghazals can have intricate Urdu/poetic vocabularies; some Bollywood lyrics/styles may feel dated or narrative-specific—supporting (R2) as a contributing barrier.3) Together these can shift aggregate preferences even if many counterexamples exist.Verification / Alternative check:Other drivers (globalization, streaming platforms, peer influence) also operate, but (R1) and (R2) remain credible contributors.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:(a) or (b) over-privilege a single factor; (d) denies reasonable influences; (e) is unnecessary hedging when both are plausible.
Common Pitfalls:Treating cultural claims as universal; ignoring plurality of drivers.
Final Answer:Option C: Both (R1) and (R2) are reasons.