Assertion–Reason (Why is saffron the costliest spice?) Assertion (A): Saffron is the costliest spice in the world. Reason (R1): Cultivation and production of saffron are painstaking and expensive. Reason (R2): Saffron is highly sought after as a spice. Choose which reason(s) truly explain A.
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AIf only reason 1 (R1) and not reason 2 (R2) is the reason for the assertion (A).
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BIf only reason 2 (R2) and not reason 1 (R1) is the reason for the assertion (A).
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CIf both (R1) and (R2) are reasons for the assertion (A).
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DIf neither (R1) nor (R2) is the reason for the assertion (A).
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ENone of these
Answer
Correct Answer: If both (R1) and (R2) are reasons for the assertion (A).
Explanation
Introduction / Context:Saffron’s price reflects extreme labor inputs (stigmas hand-harvested from crocus flowers) and strong culinary/pharmacological demand. The Assertion–Reason test asks whether costliest pricing (A) is explained by production cost (R1) and demand (R2).
Given Data / Assumptions:
- A: Saffron is the costliest spice.
- R1: Production is painstaking and expensive (very low yield per flower, intense manual labor).
- R2: Saffron remains highly desired (flavor, color, perceived health/cultural value).
Concept / Approach:Price level is co-determined by supply-side scarcity/cost and demand-side willingness to pay. Saffron exhibits both: high marginal cost and limited supply (R1) plus persistent demand (R2).
Step-by-Step Solution:
1) R1 → A: High costs and low yields constrain supply → higher equilibrium prices.2) R2 → A: Robust demand sustains those high prices over time.3) Together, R1+R2 provide a complete economic explanation.Verification / Alternative check:If either component vanished (cheap mechanized production or weak demand), price would fall—confirming both reasons matter.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:A or B alone are incomplete; D denies clear economics.
Common Pitfalls:Assuming a single-cause explanation for market prices when both supply and demand contribute.
Final Answer:If both (R1) and (R2) are reasons for the assertion (A).