Assertion–Reason (Evaluate Truth and Explanation): Assertion (A): Fewer people today are smokers compared to the past. Reason (R): With film stars not shown smoking in films, smoking is no longer glamorous.

Introduction / Context:The assertion claims a downward trend in smoking prevalence; the reason attributes it to portrayal in films.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• (A) Broadly true in many regions due to policy and awareness.
• (R) Overgeneralizes the causal driver to film portrayal alone.

Concept / Approach:Reductions in smoking result from multi-factor interventions: taxation, bans, warnings, cessation aids, and social norms, not solely film depictions.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:Places with strong tobacco control show declines regardless of film portrayals.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:(a)/(b) require (R) true; (d)/(e) contradict prevailing trends.

Common Pitfalls:Attributing complex public-health outcomes to a single media factor.

Final Answer:Option C: (A) true, (R) false.