Who was posthumously conferred the Ashoka Chakra, India's highest peacetime gallantry award, for the year 2019?

Introduction / Context:
This question deals with Indian gallantry awards, specifically the Ashoka Chakra, which is the highest peacetime gallantry award. It asks about the individual who was conferred this honour for the year 2019, and the award was given posthumously. Such questions check awareness of recent military honours, bravery in counter insurgency operations and national recognition of supreme sacrifice by security personnel.

Given Data / Assumptions:
- The award is the Ashoka Chakra, India's highest peacetime gallantry award.
- The reference year is 2019.
- The award in this case was conferred posthumously, meaning after the individual's death.
- Four names are given as options, among which one corresponds to a decorated soldier of the Indian Army.

Concept / Approach:
The concept required is factual recall of recent gallantry awards. In 2019, Major Nazir Ahmad Wani of the Rashtriya Rifles, who was a highly decorated soldier from Jammu and Kashmir, was posthumously awarded the Ashoka Chakra for his exceptional bravery in an anti terrorist operation. The approach is to associate the year and nature of the operations with the correct name from the list.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recognise that the Ashoka Chakra is awarded for conspicuous bravery or self sacrifice away from the battlefield during peacetime or non declared war situations. Step 2: Recall that for 2019, Major Nazir Ahmad Wani was honoured with the Ashoka Chakra, and the award was given posthumously following his martyrdom in a counter insurgency operation. Step 3: Examine the options and identify Nazir Ahmad Wani as option C. Step 4: Confirm that the other names listed do not match this specific high profile gallantry award in 2019. Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is Nazir Ahmad Wani.

Verification / Alternative check:
Media reports and official gallantry citation lists for Republic Day honours in 2019 clearly mention Major Nazir Ahmad Wani as the Ashoka Chakra awardee. Articles describe his leadership in a critical operation and his status as a role model soldier from Jammu and Kashmir. These independent references confirm that he was the person posthumously conferred the Ashoka Chakra for that year, leaving no ambiguity about the correct answer.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Syam Prasad is not recorded as the Ashoka Chakra awardee for 2019.
Ahmed Sunani does not correspond to the well documented Ashoka Chakra recipient mentioned in national honour lists for that year.
Vishnu Wagh is known as a writer and politician from Goa and is not associated with this gallantry award.

Common Pitfalls:
A typical mistake is confusing different gallantry awards such as Param Vir Chakra, Kirti Chakra and Ashoka Chakra or mixing recipients across years. Another pitfall is not paying attention to whether the award was given posthumously and in which year the ceremony took place. Keeping a chronological list of recent gallantry award winners helps learners avoid such confusion during exams.

Final Answer:
The Ashoka Chakra for the year 2019 was posthumously conferred on Nazir Ahmad Wani.