Statement–Argument — Is the verdict of a judge always just and right? Arguments: I) Yes; judges are very learned and intelligent. II) No; tricky lawyers and false evidence can mislead the judge. Choose the strong argument(s).
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Aif only Argument I is strong
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Bif only Argument II is strong
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Cif either I or II is strong
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Dif neither I nor II is strong
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ENone of these
Answer
Correct Answer: if only Argument II is strong
Explanation
Introduction / Context:The issue is whether judicial verdicts are invariably correct. Strong arguments should address systemic possibilities for error rather than relying on authority alone.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Courts operate on evidence, procedure, and advocacy.
- Erroneous or fabricated evidence and skillful advocacy can distort fact-finding.
- Appeals and review processes exist precisely because errors can occur.
Concept / Approach:Argument I is an appeal to authority: judges’ intelligence does not guarantee infallibility. Argument II points to mechanisms by which wrong outcomes happen, providing a direct reason against the “always” claim; thus II is strong.
Step-by-Step Solution:
I: Weak—learning/intelligence ≠ perfection; “always” claims are brittle.II: Strong—identifies concrete causes of incorrect verdicts (false evidence, strategic lawyering).Verification / Alternative check:The existence of appellate courts and remedies like review or revision corroborates II’s logic.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:“Either” would treat I as strong; it is not. “Neither” ignores II’s cogent reasoning.
Common Pitfalls:Confusing respect for judiciary with a claim of absolute correctness.
Final Answer:if only Argument II is strong.