Classification – Birds and mammals: select the odd one out. Three are birds; one is a mammal that flies. Which option does not belong? Options: Crow, Vulture, Sparrow, Bat.

Introduction / Context:
Despite shared abilities (e.g., flight), biological class remains the primary classification rule. Three options are birds; one is a mammal capable of powered flight.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Crow: bird.
• Vulture: bird of prey.
• Sparrow: bird.
• Bat: mammal.

Concept / Approach:
Classify by taxonomic class instead of function. The mammal among birds is the odd one.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Tag each as bird or mammal.Step 2: Crow/Vulture/Sparrow are birds.Step 3: Bat is a mammal; thus, it is the exception.

Verification / Alternative check:
Consider anatomical traits (feathers vs fur; beak vs teeth) for confirmation.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Crow/Vulture/Sparrow: All are avian; hence, they belong with the majority.

Common Pitfalls:
Do not be misled by common ability (flight). Classification is taxonomic.

Final Answer:
Bat