In the analogy “Appraiser : building :: Critic : ____”, which option best represents what a critic typically evaluates?

Introduction / Context:
This analogy matches professionals with the objects they evaluate. An appraiser is someone who assesses the value of something, such as a building, artwork, or jewellery. A critic similarly evaluates and judges works in fields like literature, film, or art. The task is to choose the item that stands to a critic in the same way that a building stands to an appraiser.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• First pair: Appraiser and building.
• Second pair: Critic and an unknown object.
• Options: masterpiece, judge, gold, book, actor.
• We use common real world roles and the things they typically review.

Concept / Approach:
An appraiser evaluates the worth or condition of a building as part of work. A critic evaluates creative works, often pieces of writing. Among the given options, a book is the clearest example of a creative work that a critic reviews. A critic writes book reviews, film reviews, and so on. Therefore, the relation is “professional who evaluates” to “object evaluated,” and the best match is critic to book.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Understand the first pair. An appraiser inspects and values a building, for example in real estate decisions. Step 2: Recognise that the pattern is professional evaluator and object being evaluated. Step 3: Focus on the second pair. A critic is a professional who evaluates artistic or literary work. Step 4: Look at the options and decide which is a typical target of a critic's analysis. Books are frequently reviewed by literary critics. Step 5: Confirm that “critic : book” mirrors “appraiser : building” as “evaluator : thing evaluated.”

Verification / Alternative check:
Consider each option. Masterpiece is a label for a work of very high quality, but critics evaluate all types of books and works, not only masterpieces. Judge is another professional, not an object of evaluation, which breaks the pattern. Gold is a valuable material commonly appraised by a jeweller, but critics are not primarily associated with gold. Actors are sometimes reviewed by critics, but the most classic object linked to “critic” in reasoning questions is a book or written work. Book provides the most direct parallel.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Masterpiece refers to quality and would be the result of criticism, not the general kind of object a critic handles. Judge is a person, not an item evaluated, so that reverses the original structure. Gold would match an appraiser of jewellery or precious metals more than a critic. Actor is an object of criticism too, but it does not parallel a building in the same clear, generic way as a book does. Only book fits the clean role mapping from evaluator to evaluated object.

Common Pitfalls:
A typical error is to choose masterpiece because it sounds connected to criticism, but this confuses outcome with object. Others may pick actor because of familiarity with film critics, forgetting that critics also work widely in literature. When solving analogies, identify clearly who performs the action and what receives it, and then choose the option that fits that directional relationship.

Final Answer:
The correct completion is that a critic evaluates a book just as an appraiser evaluates a building.