Medical mycology — Which of the following is NOT a human disease caused by fungi?

Introduction / Context:
Differentiating fungal diseases from those caused by protozoa or bacteria is essential in diagnosis and treatment. Many superficial infections are fungal, while some systemic infections are protozoan or bacterial.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Ringworm (tinea) is a dermatophytosis caused by fungi (e.g., Trichophyton).
• Jock itch (tinea cruris) is a dermatophyte infection.
• Cryptococcosis is a systemic fungal disease caused by Cryptococcus species.
• Malaria is a protozoal disease by Plasmodium species.

Concept / Approach:
Identify the one option not attributable to fungi. Malaria is caused by apicomplexan protozoa transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes; the others are confirmed mycoses.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Standard medical references list Plasmodium falciparum/vivax/ovale/malariae/knowlesi as malaria agents, none of which are fungi.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Ringworm/Jock itch: dermatophyte fungi.
• Cryptococcosis: encapsulated yeast infection.

Common Pitfalls:
Assuming “ringworm” implies a parasitic worm; it is fungal despite the name.

Final Answer:
Malaria