Critical Reasoning — Assumptions Statement: WHO will double assistance to health programmes in India because per-capita health expenditure in India is very low compared to many countries. Assumptions to evaluate: I. The enhanced assistance may.

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Introduction / Context:The decision to increase external assistance is justified by low per-capita health expenditure. That rationale presupposes insufficiency of domestic resources, but it does not require the stronger claim that the increase will fully close the international gap. Given Data / Assumptions: Decision: Double WHO assistance to India. Reason cited: India’s per-capita health spend is very low compared to many countries. Assumption I: The increase will put India on par with others. Assumption II: Domestic (government) funding is inadequate to meet needs. Concept / Approach: External supplementation implies domestic deficiency or constraints. Parity with other countries is an aspirational end-state, not a prerequisite for deciding to increase aid. Step-by-Step Solution: Assumption II is necessary: If domestic funding were adequate, the core reason for increasing external aid would be undermined.Assumption I is unnecessary: Aid can be doubled without expecting immediate parity; any improvement may justify the action. Verification / Alternative check: Drop II: The rationale for aid collapses. Drop I: The decision remains sensible (incremental improvement is still worthwhile). Why Other Options Are Wrong: I / Either / Neither / Both: These impose an outcome (parity) that is not required by the decision logic. Common Pitfalls: Confusing a reason to improve with a guarantee of matching international benchmarks. Final Answer: Only assumption II is implicit

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