Critical Reasoning — Implicit Assumptions Advice from A to B: “According to me, you should get your child examined by a specialist doctor.” Assumptions to evaluate: I. Specialist doctors diagnose better than ordinary doctors. II. B will certainly not agree with A’s advice.
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AOnly assumption I is implicit
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BOnly assumption II is implicit
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CEither I or II is implicit
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DNeither I nor II is implicit
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EBoth I and II are implicit
Answer
Correct Answer: Only assumption I is implicit
Explanation
Introduction / Context:We analyze the unstated beliefs that make a recommendation to consult a specialist rational. We must test each assumption for necessity, not mere plausibility.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Recommendation: see a specialist.
- Assumption I: specialists provide superior diagnostic ability relative to general doctors.
- Assumption II: B will definitely reject the advice.
Concept / Approach:For an advice to see a specialist to be sensible, A must believe a specialist offers added value. The advice does not require any specific reaction from B—acceptance or refusal is separate from the logic of the recommendation.
Step-by-Step Solution:
1) If specialists were not better at diagnosis in relevant cases, A’s suggestion loses force. Thus I is implicit.2) The assertion that B “will certainly not agree” is neither implied nor needed. Advice can be issued without assuming refusal. Hence II is not implicit.Verification / Alternative check:Negate I: specialists are no better—then the suggestion is baseless. Negate II: B might agree—advice still stands. Only I is necessary.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
- Only II / Either / Neither / Both: They introduce an unnecessary behavioral prediction or deny the clear medical-value premise.
Common Pitfalls:Confusing persuasive rationale (value of a specialist) with predicted compliance (B’s response).
Final Answer:Only assumption I is implicit