Critical Reasoning – Identify the Implicit Assumption(s) Statement: “These apples are too cheap to be good.” Assumptions: I. When the apple crop is abundant, prices go down. II. The lower the selling price, the worse is the quality of the commodity. III. Very cheap apples are also good.

Introduction / Context:
The sentence connects price to quality: “too cheap to be good.” This is a reasoning pattern where low price is taken as an indicator of poor quality. We must pinpoint which assumption the speaker must be relying on for the statement to make sense.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Speaker observes a low price for apples.
• Conclusion: quality must be poor.
• Assumption I: Abundant crop reduces price.
• Assumption II: Lower price implies inferior quality.
• Assumption III: Very cheap apples are good (contradictory).

Concept / Approach:
We test each assumption using the “necessity” and “negation” tests. The assertion directly hinges on a price–quality inverse link. Harvest size or market supply (I) could explain price but is not needed to infer quality. Assumption III plainly conflicts with the conclusion and therefore cannot be implicit.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Common Pitfalls:

Final Answer:
Only II is implicit