Ranking test – rank from the end: Surbhi ranks 18th in a class of 49 students (from the top). What is Surbhi’s rank from the last?

Introduction / Context:
The position from the last (bottom-rank) is computed by subtracting the top-rank from the class size and then adding one—mirroring left/right conversions in rows.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Class size N = 49.
• Surbhi's top-rank = 18.

Concept / Approach:
Use bottom_rank = N − top_rank + 1.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
If 17 students are ahead of Surbhi and 31 are behind, then from the last she is 32nd—consistent.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
31 or 35 arise from dropping/adding the “+1,” not from the correct identity.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing “from last” with “number behind.” Rank includes the student, so we add one.

Final Answer:
32