Branches of genomics The study that focuses on the physical nature and organization of genomes (for example, maps, sequences, and structures) is termed what?

Introduction / Context:
Genomics comprises several subfields with distinct aims. Structural genomics emphasizes the architecture of genomes (sequence and physical mapping) and, by extension, often includes determining 3D structures of encoded proteins at scale. Distinguishing it from comparative and functional genomics is important on exams and in research planning.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Focus: physical nature and organization of genomes.
• Not primarily about expression patterns or cross-species comparisons.
• Terminology follows standard usage in genomics curricula.

Concept / Approach:

Structural genomics covers constructing genetic and physical maps, sequencing genomes, and cataloging genes and structural features. Comparative genomics compares genomes across species; functional genomics examines gene expression and function on a genome-wide scale; proteogenomics integrates proteomic data with genome annotation; metagenomics analyzes genomes from environmental communities.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Intro texts position structural genomics as the foundation upon which functional and comparative analyses build, reinforcing the chosen term.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Comparative genomics: Focuses on differences and similarities between species.
• Proteogenomics: Uses proteomics to refine gene models.
• Functional genomics: Studies gene function and regulation, not just physical organization.
• Metagenomics: Community-level genome analysis, not single-organism genome structure.

Common Pitfalls:

• Assuming “functional” equals “physical”; they are complementary but distinct emphases.

Final Answer:

structural genomics