Multivibrators (astable, monostable, bistable) in digital and analog electronics fundamentally rely on ________ to establish and maintain their operating behavior.

Introduction / Context:
Multivibrators are circuits that generate or hold logical states: astable (free-running oscillator), monostable (one-shot pulse), and bistable (flip-flop). Feedback is the unifying mechanism that determines their state transitions and stability.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Astable: no stable state; it oscillates.
• Monostable: one stable state; external trigger moves it to a temporary quasi-stable state.
• Bistable: two stable states; used for storing a bit.

Concept / Approach:
Positive feedback provides regeneration that drives nodes rapidly toward defined logic levels. In RC-timed astables and monostables, feedback plus timing components create controlled transitions. In bistables, cross-coupled feedback forms two stable equilibria for memory storage.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
SPICE or HDL behavioral simulations show that removing the feedback path collapses oscillation (astable) or prevents stable storage (bistable). Monostables fail to return predictably without controlled feedback.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Limiting feedback only to certain multivibrator types ignores the common design principle. Declaring it “Incorrect” contradicts standard circuit theory.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing negative feedback (used for linear stabilization) with the positive feedback essential for switching and regeneration in multivibrators.

Final Answer:
Correct