Time study terminology: The time taken by a trained worker at a steady (normal) pace to perform a defined task is called…

Introduction / Context:
Accurate terminology in work measurement prevents errors in costing, planning, and incentives. Observed time, normal time, and standard time are related but distinct quantities.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Trained worker performs an established method.
• Steady, normal performance (rating 100%).
• Allowances (fatigue, personal, delays) are not yet added.

Concept / Approach:
Normal time is the time a qualified worker would take at a normal pace. Formally, Normal time = Observed time * Rating factor. When the pace is already “steady/normal,” rating factor ≈ 1.0, so normal time equals the carefully measured observed time for that condition. Standard time is then Normal time * (1 + allowances).

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Check consistency across observers and days; if rating is near 100%, observed ≈ normal. Compare standard times to historical outputs for reasonableness.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Standard time includes allowances; representative time is raw averaged observation; “allowance time” is not the same as normal time.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing normal with standard time; forgetting to apply allowances; using biased ratings that inflate/deflate standards.

Final Answer:
Normal time