The Fourth Amendment to the Constitution protects citizens against unreasonable searches and seizures. No search of a person's home or personal effects may be conducted without a written search warrant issued on probable cause. This means that a neutral judge must approve the factual basis justifying a search before it can be conducted. This paragraph best supports the statement that the police cannot search a person's home or private papers unless they have

• legal authorization
• direct evidence of a crime.
• read the person his or her constitutional rights.
• a reasonable belief that a crime has occurred.
• requested that a judge be present.