For global communication coverage, what is the minimum number of satellites required in geostationary orbit?

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Solve this multiple-choice question and choose the correct option.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Geostationary satellites are positioned approximately 36,000 km above the equator. From this altitude, they can cover about one-third of Earth's surface. This principle is used in global satellite communication systems. Given Data / Assumptions: Earth circumference ≈ 40,000 km. Coverage of each geostationary satellite ≈ one-third of Earth's surface. Satellites must be spaced evenly to provide continuous coverage. Concept / Approach:Since each satellite covers about 120° longitude, three satellites equally spaced at 120° intervals can provide nearly full global communication coverage, except for polar regions. Step-by-Step Solution: Total angular coverage required = 360°.Coverage per satellite ≈ 120°.Number of satellites required = 360° / 120° = 3. Verification / Alternative check: Systems like INTELSAT confirm this with 3-satellite networks providing global coverage. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 1: insufficient, covers only one-third of the globe.5 or 10: more than required, although they improve redundancy.6: similar reasoning, unnecessary for minimum coverage. Common Pitfalls: Assuming polar coverage—geostationary satellites cannot cover extreme polar regions. Final Answer: 3

For global communication coverage, what is the minimum number of satellites required in geostationary orbit?

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