Introduction / Context:
Stop-and-Wait ARQ is one of the simplest error-control protocols in data communication. It ensures reliable delivery of data frames by requiring acknowledgements before sending new blocks.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Sender transmits one block at a time.
- Receiver responds with ACK (positive) or NAK (negative).
- Timeout is set if no response is received within a fixed duration.
Concept / Approach:
The sender must wait for confirmation before transmitting further data. This prevents data loss and ensures order but reduces throughput compared to more advanced ARQ protocols.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Sender transmits one block of data.Step 2: Receiver checks and responds with ACK (if correct) or NAK (if error).Step 3: Sender either proceeds (ACK) or retransmits same block (NAK).Step 4: If no response within timeout, retransmission occurs.
Verification / Alternative check:
Networking textbooks confirm Stop-and-Wait ARQ as a fundamental example of reliable transmission.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Immediate sending without waiting breaks reliability.Only ACK and NAK responses govern transmission control.Continuous transmission is Go-Back-N or Sliding Window, not Stop-and-Wait.
Common Pitfalls:
Confusing Stop-and-Wait ARQ with Go-Back-N ARQ or Selective Repeat ARQ.
Final Answer:
It waits for positive or negative acknowledgement from the receiving terminal
Discussion & Comments