Number relation inside parentheses: 16 (27) 43, 29 (?) 56, 36 (12) 48 — find the missing value (?) so that the same rule holds in all three.

Introduction / Context:
This is a number-analogy pattern. Each triplet a (b) c embeds a middle number b derived from outer numbers a and c via a consistent rule.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Triplets: 16 (27) 43 and 36 (12) 48 are fully known.
• We must determine (?) in 29 (?) 56 using the same rule.

Concept / Approach:
Look for the simplest consistent relation between the outer numbers and the middle: sum, difference, product, digit operations, etc. Testing c − a on the complete triplets quickly fits both known cases.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Check that no simpler competing rule (like a + c, a × c, digit sums) matches both complete rows; difference c − a uniquely fits both, so it is the intended relation.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
23, 33, and 37 do not equal 56 − 29 and would break the pattern that holds in the two confirmed triplets.

Common Pitfalls:
Overfitting with complex digit manipulations when a straightforward linear relation works across all given examples.

Final Answer:
27.