Statement: A devastating earthquake has ravaged the city, killing hundreds and rendering many more homeless. Courses of Action: I. Stop the entry of outsiders into the city. II. The civic administration should immediately arrange alternate temporary housing for victims. III. Shift all affected people immediately to safer locations. Which course(s) of action logically follow(s)?

Introduction / Context:
In disaster response, the priorities are life safety, shelter, medical aid, and logistics. Actions must directly alleviate victim suffering and reduce exposure to hazards, while avoiding arbitrary restrictions that hinder relief.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Severe casualties and homelessness.
• Ongoing risks from aftershocks, unsafe structures, sanitation gaps.
• Need for immediate shelter and relocation to safe zones.

Concept / Approach:
Use the standard relief triad: evacuate to safety (III), provide temporary housing (II), and facilitate relief access. Banning “outsiders” (I) can impede incoming aid organizations, relatives, and supply lines; it is not logically tied to victim welfare.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Disaster playbooks prioritize shelter camps, safe water, sanitation, and staged return after assessments.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Common Pitfalls:
Security-first reflexes that block aid; neglecting coordinated evacuation.

Final Answer:
Only II and III follow.