Difficulty: Easy
Correct Answer: Nonvolatile, used to store information that does not change during system operation
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:
Read-Only Memory (ROM) is a fundamental concept in computer organization. It stores firmware and fixed data that must be preserved across power cycles, such as bootloaders or device configuration. This question checks whether you can distinguish ROM from volatile working memory like RAM.
Given Data / Assumptions:
Concept / Approach:
Nonvolatile memory retains stored bits without a continuous power supply. ROM is nonvolatile by definition and is used for data or instructions that are not expected to change during normal system operation. Although some ROM families are field-programmable or erasable (PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, Flash), during system runtime the stored code is not being continuously modified.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify the key property: nonvolatility.Identify typical role: stores static program code and constants.Eliminate choices that imply volatility or frequent operational updates.Select the description that states nonvolatile and unchanging during system operation.
Verification / Alternative check:
System block diagrams show ROM mapped for boot code. Power loss does not erase it, unlike RAM which needs refresh or loses state entirely.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Option A: Contradicts ROM usage; changing data belongs to RAM or nonvolatile rewritable memory under special procedures.Option C and D: Describe volatile memory behavior, not ROM.Option E: Battery-backed memory is a distinct category and still can be volatile if battery fails.
Common Pitfalls:
Confusing the ability to reprogram certain ROM types with normal operational changes. Reprogramming is a special maintenance action, not routine runtime behavior.
Final Answer:
Nonvolatile, used to store information that does not change during system operation
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