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Water Resources Engineering Questions
Groundwater engineering: In which type of tube well is shrouding (gravel packing around the screen) specifically provided to control sand entry and improve yield?
Irrigation engineering: During the growth period of a crop, what does its consumptive use represent?
Flood estimation for catchment shape: For a fan-shaped catchment area, which empirical formula is commonly recommended for estimating high floods in Indian practice?
Hydrometeorology instrumentation: What is the standard rim height of a standard (Symons-type) rain gauge above ground level used for measuring rainfall?
Atmospheric moisture concepts: Which statements regarding absolute humidity, relative humidity, and measurement methods are correct?
Hydrologic cycle comprehension: Which of the following statements about sources of atmospheric moisture, precipitation, and the continuity of the hydrologic cycle are correct?
In surface hydrology, who originally enunciated the Unit Hydrograph theory that relates excess rainfall of unit depth to direct runoff hydrograph at a watershed outlet?
In the derivation of Thiem’s formula for steady radial flow to a well, which of the following assumptions is NOT applicable for an unconfined aquifer case?
In catchment water balance terminology, the initial basin recharge is equal to which combination of early storm abstractions?
Identify the named relationship used to determine the average linear velocity of groundwater flow (in metres per day) based on hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic gradient, and effective porosity.
Precipitation caused by lifting of an air mass due specifically to pressure differences and atmospheric disturbances is termed as which type of precipitation?
According to standard observational practice in India, at what local time is the daily rainfall typically recorded and entered in the gauge register?
Which factor primarily governs the infiltration capacity of a soil during a storm, acknowledging the roles of surface detention and saturated layer thickness as well?
In open channel control design, how can critical depth be produced for a given discharge in a prismatic channel?
For estimating average annual precipitation over a catchment, which method generally provides the most reliable spatial average when adequate contouring of isohyets is possible?
Select the correct water balance identity that defines total runoff from a basin in terms of its component contributions.
In India, which recording rain gauge is most commonly used in routine hydrological practice?
A pumping test is conducted in an unconfined aquifer: a well penetrates 30 m below the static water table and is pumped at 31.40 L/min for 24 hours. Drawdown is 1.0 m at r = 20 m and 0.5 m at r = 80 m in observation wells. Using the steady-state Thiem equation, what is the transmissibility T of the aquifer (in m^2/min)?
If the area of a storm hydrograph corresponds to 102 cm of effective rainfall depth, the ordinates of the 1-cm unit hydrograph are obtained by dividing the storm hydrograph ordinates by which factor?
In a drainage-basin water balance, runoff is obtained from precipitation after accounting for initial recharge (initial abstractions) and groundwater accretion. Which relationship is correct?
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