Statement: Cholera has recently broken out across multiple cities, killing a large number of people and affecting hundreds of households.\nCourses of Action:\nI. Initiate an immediate inquiry to identify the root cause(s) of the outbreak.\nII. Use mass media to inform the public about preventive measures (safe water, hand hygiene, ORS).\nIII. Call in paramilitary forces to assist the civic administration.

Introduction / Context:
Cholera is a water/food-borne disease that can spread quickly in urban clusters with unsafe water or sanitation. Effective response balances urgent containment with medium-term system fixes. The statement reports widespread cases and fatalities across many cities, implying a systemic failure, not a localized incident.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Multiple urban centers affected; deaths already reported.
• Likely causes: contaminated water supply, poor chlorination, sewage ingress, unsafe street food.
• Civic authorities and health systems are operational but overwhelmed.

Concept / Approach:
Outbreak control requires: (1) Identify and interrupt transmission (cause inquiry, water testing, chlorination); (2) Risk communication (hand hygiene, boiled water, ORS use); (3) Clinical response (rehydration points, antibiotics per protocol); (4) Surveillance.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Launch an immediate inquiry: map cases, test water sources, audit chlorination and pipeline integrity.2) Start mass-media messaging: boil water, wash hands with soap, use ORS, avoid unsafe food.3) Set up ORS corners and rapid rehydration camps; ensure IV fluids/antibiotics availability.4) Intensify chlorination, tanker water quality checks, and temporary closures of unsafe vendors.

Verification / Alternative check:
Public instructions (II) reduce immediate risk at household level; the cause inquiry (I) prevents recurrence by fixing upstream failures. Paramilitary deployment (III) is not intrinsic to epidemiological control; logistics can be managed via health, civic, and disaster-response teams unless law-and-order issues arise.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
None follows: ignores urgent needs. Only II: treats symptom, not cause. Only I: lacks community-level behavior change. All follow: unnecessary militarization (III) without evidence.

Common Pitfalls:
Focusing only on hospital care; under-communicating ORS use; delayed water-quality remediation.

Final Answer:
Both I and II follow.