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Fertiliser Technology Questions
Ammonia synthesis catalyst and promoter functions: In the Haber–Bosch process, a catalyst is essential because the reaction is reversible and nitrogen dissociation is difficult. What is the principal role of adding a promoter along with the catalyst?
Allotropy of phosphorus in the vapor phase: At ordinary vaporization temperatures for elemental phosphorus, the vapor primarily consists of which molecular species?
Crop-specific nitrogen sources: For flooded paddy (rice) cultivation, which nitrogenous fertilizer is generally considered most suitable?
Manufacture of ordinary superphosphate (OSP): Superphosphate fertilizer is produced industrially by reacting phosphate rock (fluorapatite) with which reagent?
Physical form of commercial fertilizers: In large-scale agricultural distribution and field application, commercial fertilizers are predominantly supplied in which physical form?
Industrial urea synthesis — Urea is formed only under which physical condition of the reacting mixture (ammonia + carbon dioxide via ammonium carbamate)? Choose the most accurate statement about the phase in which urea actually forms in commercial high-pressure synthesis.
Ammonia (NH₃) synthesis gas from natural gas — Which primary process step generates the H₂-rich make-up gas fed to the Haber–Bosch loop?
Thermal dehydration of phosphoric acids — Heating orthophosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) to about 250°C chiefly produces which condensed phosphoric acid?
Fertilizer classification — Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) is best classified as which type of fertilizer product?
Urea synthesis chemistry — The dehydration of ammonium carbamate to urea is best described as which type of reaction?
Phosphate rock acidulation — Reaction of phosphate rock with dilute sulphuric acid produces which fertilizer product?
Water in the urea reactor — During conversion of ammonium carbamate to urea, what is the effect of a large excess of water in the reacting solution?
Indian fertilizer plants — A plant manufacturing ammonium sulphate by the gypsum–ammonia route (instead of the usual direct sulphuric acid neutralization) is located at which of the following sites?
Plant nutrients — Which of the following is NOT classified as a secondary nutrient for plant growth?
Pick the wrong statement about phosphorus and nitrogen products — Identify the statement that is NOT correct.
Industrial gas purification — What is the Vetrocoke solution used for acid-gas (CO2/H2S) absorption composed of?
Fertilizer fundamentals — Which statement about ammonium sulfate [(NH4)2SO4] fertilizer is most accurate for agronomic use?
Syngas purification — In naphtha steam reforming, the CO2 present in the reformed gas is typically removed by absorption into which solvent?
Fertilizer additives — Why are conditioners such as finely divided peat added to granular fertilizers during manufacture and storage?
Ammonia–urea complexes — Industrial fertilizer plants meet their nitrogen (N2) requirement primarily by obtaining nitrogen via which route?
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