Alligation–Mixture (Adjusting Ratio by Adding Water):\nA 25-L mixture has milk:water = 4:1. After adding 3 L water, what is the new milk:water ratio?

Introduction / Context:
Adding a component changes ratios while keeping the other component constant.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Total initial = 25 L with milk:water = 4:1.
• Add 3 L water; milk unchanged.

Concept / Approach:
Compute actual amounts from the ratio, then add water and simplify the new ratio.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Milk = 25 * (4/5) = 20 L; Water = 5 L.2) Add 3 L water ⇒ new water = 8 L.3) New ratio = 20 : 8 = 5 : 2.

Verification / Alternative check:
Scaling by common factor 4 confirms 5:2.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
5:1 ignores added water; 5:3, 5:4 do not match computed amounts.

Common Pitfalls:
Changing milk amount when only water is added.

Final Answer:
5:2