Phagemids in cloning: Identify the statement that is NOT true for a phagemid (plasmid–filamentous phage hybrid) system.

Difficulty: Medium

Correct Answer: Phagemids routinely contain a λ att site for integration into the host chromosome

Explanation:


Introduction / Context:
Phagemids are versatile vectors that combine features of plasmids and filamentous phage (such as M13). They are widely used for phage display, site-directed mutagenesis, and production of single-stranded DNA. Understanding their core genetic elements helps distinguish them from λ phage–based vectors and standard plasmids.



Given Data / Assumptions:

  • Phagemids possess a plasmid ori for double-stranded replication in bacteria.
  • They also include an f1 origin to enable single-stranded DNA rescue with a helper phage.
  • Selectable markers (for example, ampicillin resistance) are usually present.


Concept / Approach:
The key to phagemid function is the f1 origin derived from filamentous phage, not λ. With a helper phage, phagemids can be packaged into filamentous phage particles, allowing purification of single-stranded DNA. They are not λ-based integration vectors and therefore do not require a λ att site (used by λ for site-specific integration into the E. coli chromosome).



Step-by-Step Solution:

Check origin composition → plasmid ori + f1 ori (true).Check propagation modes → plasmid state in standard hosts; phage particle packaging in helper strains (true).Evaluate λ att site claim → phagemids are not λ integration vectors; this is not true.Confirm selectable marker and ssDNA utility → common and accurate features.


Verification / Alternative check:
Phagemid manuals and classic vector maps (for example, pBluescript, pUC-derivatives with f1 ori) show the f1 origin and standard antibiotic markers; no λ att is present.



Why Other Options Are Wrong (i.e., they are true statements):

Plasmid + f1 origins: Core architecture enabling ds and ss forms.Dual propagation modes: Fundamental to helper-phage rescue.Selectable marker: Required for maintenance and selection.ssDNA recovery: A hallmark application of phagemids.


Common Pitfalls:
Confusing λ-based replacement/insertion vectors with filamentous phage–based phagemids; assuming all phage-related vectors need λ att sites.



Final Answer:
Phagemids routinely contain a λ att site for integration into the host chromosome.

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