Power protection for computers: To ensure power interruptions do not corrupt data on a workstation or small server, which device should be deployed?

Introduction / Context:
Unexpected power loss can crash operating systems and corrupt open files or databases. Selecting the right protective hardware allows systems to ride through brief outages or shut down gracefully during longer ones, preserving data integrity.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Concern is continuity of power, not just surge suppression.
• Single workstation or small server use case.
• We consider common options like grounding and surge protection.

Concept / Approach:

A UPS contains batteries and an inverter to supply AC during mains failures. It can signal the OS to close applications and shut down safely when runtime is nearly exhausted. Grounding and surge protectors are essential for safety and spike mitigation but cannot deliver power when utility voltage disappears.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Event logs from UPS management show transfer events and orderly shutdowns during power failures; systems without UPS exhibit sudden loss and file system checks on reboot.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Proper grounding: crucial for safety/EMI but not a source of backup power.
• Surge protector: clamps spikes; does not power the load during outages.
• Sag protector: may help with voltage dips but not full outages or controlled shutdowns.
• None of the above: incorrect because UPS directly solves the problem.

Common Pitfalls:

Undersizing UPS capacity, ignoring battery replacement intervals, and failing to connect the USB/serial cable for shutdown signaling.

Final Answer:

UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)