Statement–Assumption (Police–Community Relationship Worsening): Statement: “Police–Community relationship has been going downhill over the years, and the gap between public expectation and police performance has been constantly widening.” Assumptions: I) The police are a part of the community in a literal, structural sense. II) The police–community relationship ought to be healthy (narrow gap between expectations and performance).
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Aif only assumption I is implicit.
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Bif only assumption II is implicit.
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Cif either I or II is implicit.
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Dif neither I nor II is implicit.
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ENone of these
Answer
Correct Answer: if only assumption II is implicit.
Explanation
Introduction / Context:The statement observes deterioration (“going downhill”) and a widening expectation–performance gap. Such evaluative language implies a normative stance that the relationship should be better than it currently is. Whether the police are literally considered “part of the community” is not vital to the evaluative claim; they can be seen as a distinct agency interacting with the public.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Observed trend: poorer relationship over time.
- Metric: widening gap between expectations and performance.
Concept / Approach:To label changes as negative, the author must value a healthy relationship and closer alignment between expectations and delivery. The ontology of whether police are literally “part of” the community is not necessary.
Step-by-Step Solution:Assumption I: Not necessary. The claim is compatible with viewing police as a separate public institution whose relationship with citizens matters. The point does not require merging the identities.Assumption II: Necessary. Without presuming that a healthy relationship is desirable, calling the observed trend “going downhill” would lose its evaluative force.
Verification / Alternative check:Negating II (“there is no need for a healthy relationship”) makes the lament about decline meaningless. Negating I leaves the claim intact.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:Only I: irrelevant to the normative judgment. Either/Neither: both ignore the value premise embedded in the wording “going downhill.”
Common Pitfalls:Equating institutional separateness with social alienation; the assumption concerns desirability, not ontology.
Final Answer:Only assumption II is implicit.