Critical Reasoning — Implicit Assumptions System critique: “Several labour and industrial courts have no proper premises; vacancies of judges and stenos are pending.” — Statement of a retired judge of State X

Introduction / Context:The retired judge points out poor premises and staff vacancies in labour/industrial courts. We must detect which assumptions this criticism relies upon.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• I. Adequate number of staff and judges helps the smooth functioning of such courts.
• II. The State is not bothered about the condition of these courts.
• III. Physical facilities of an office help increase employee efficiency.

Concept / Approach:When a speaker highlights lack of premises and pending vacancies, the implicit message is that such deficiencies impair functioning and efficiency. However, attributing motive (“not bothered”) to the State is stronger than necessary.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:Negate I or III and the criticism loses force. Negate II and the criticism still stands without judging intent.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• II alone or with III adds an unnecessary claim regarding State indifference.
• All three: overstates what is required.

Common Pitfalls:Confusing identification of systemic shortfalls with accusations about motives.

Final Answer:Only I and III are implicit