Critical Reasoning — Assumptions Instruction: "Deliver this packet to Mr X at his residence and return immediately. If you are likely to be late, inform me," says Mr A to his clerk. Which assumptions are implicit?

Difficulty: Easy

Correct Answer: Only III is implicit

Explanation:


Introduction / Context:
Managerial instructions often include conditional reporting requirements. We must determine what beliefs underpin the specific directive to inform in case of delay.


Given Data / Assumptions:

  • I: The clerk never informs about being late.
  • II: The clerk may disobey Mr A’s instructions.
  • III: The clerk may not inform late coming unless told to do so.


Concept / Approach:
An assumption is necessary if the instruction would be pointless without it. A conditional instruction to inform implies that informing is not guaranteed otherwise; it does not assert habitual noncompliance or disobedience in general.


Step-by-Step Solution:
III is necessary. The explicit instruction to inform in case of delay presumes that, without such instruction, the clerk might not inform.I is too strong. From the instruction we cannot infer a history of never informing.II is not necessary. Issuing an instruction does not entail that the clerk will disobey; it simply sets expectations.


Verification / Alternative check:
Negating III removes the need for the instruction. Negating I or II does not weaken the rationale for giving clear directions.


Why Other Options Are Wrong:

  • I with II or III: adds unjustified claims.
  • Only II and III: includes an unnecessary disobedience claim.
  • None of these: ignores the clear communication assumption.


Common Pitfalls:
Do not overinterpret a precautionary instruction as evidence of chronic failure.


Final Answer:
Only III is implicit

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