Fastenings for wooden sleepers: Which spike is most commonly used to fix rails to wooden sleepers on Indian Railways?

Introduction / Context:
Rail-to-sleeper fastenings maintain gauge and resist longitudinal and lateral forces. On wooden sleepers, simple and robust spikes have historically been used.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Wooden sleepers in conventional jointed track settings.
• Common spike types: dog, screw, round.

Concept / Approach:
The dog spike, with a chisel point and head offset, has been the most commonly used fastening on wooden sleepers in Indian practice due to ease of driving and adequate holding power in timber.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Recall conventional practice for wooden sleepers.Identify the most common spike: the dog spike.Select “Dog spike.”

Verification / Alternative check:
Textbook references and IR practice notes consistently cite dog spikes for wooden sleepers; screw spikes are more associated with cast-iron or steel baseplates or chairs.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Screw spike: used but not the most common for simple wooden-sleeper direct fixing.
• Round spike: less preferred for holding power and head configuration.
• All / None: not accurate here.

Common Pitfalls:
Assuming “all” because all exist; the question asks for the commonly used type.

Final Answer:
Dog spike