Magnetic pole interaction — like vs. unlike poles: If the south poles of two bar magnets are brought close together, will the force between them be attractive?

Introduction / Context:
Magnetostatics principles mirror electric charges: like poles repel, unlike poles attract. This rule underlies basic applications from magnetic separation to motor stator–rotor interactions and the design of magnetic couplings.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Two permanent bar magnets are considered.
• We are bringing south poles near each other in free space.
• No ferromagnetic shielding or complex materials are involved.

Concept / Approach:
Magnetic field lines emerge externally from the north pole and enter the south pole. Like poles produce opposing field patterns when brought together, raising magnetic reluctance and resulting in a repulsive force. Attraction occurs when a north is near a south, because field lines can connect directly, lowering energy in the field configuration.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Hands-on test with two bar magnets shows clear repulsion when trying to bring identical poles together. Field visualization using iron filings also demonstrates field-line crowding and opposition between like poles.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
“Correct” contradicts fundamental behavior. Suggestions that weak fields, distance alone, or soft iron composition flip the rule are not applicable for two permanent magnets with poles aligned like-to-like.

Common Pitfalls:
Mistaking magnet–ferromagnet interactions (magnet attracts soft iron regardless of pole) for magnet–magnet interactions (which obey like-repel, unlike-attract).

Final Answer:
Incorrect