Common applications of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA): select the most typical use from the options provided.

Introduction / Context:
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a water-soluble polymer valued for film-forming, adhesion, and emulsifying properties. It is widely used in paper, packaging, and woodworking where water clean-up and low toxicity are desirable.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• PVA dissolves in water; hydrogen bonding enables strong adhesion to polar substrates.
• PVA fibres exist (vinylon), but the most ubiquitous commercial use is as adhesive and binder.
• Non-stick cookware coatings are typically PTFE, not PVA.

Concept / Approach:
PVA’s hydroxyl functionality promotes cohesive films and adhesion to paper and wood. Ion-exchange resins usually employ sulfonated polystyrene or similar; PVA is not the standard ion exchanger. Textile fibres from PVA are niche compared with its adhesive dominance.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Match property (water solubility, film formation) to use (adhesive).Eliminate ion exchange and PTFE-type cookware coatings.

Verification / Alternative check:
Adhesive products (white glues) frequently use PVA or its copolymers (e.g., PVAc emulsions).

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Ion exchange and cookware non-stick require different chemistries; PVA fibre is less common than adhesives.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing PVA with PVAc (polyvinyl acetate); many adhesives are PVAc that may be partially hydrolysed to PVA.

Final Answer:
Water-soluble adhesive