Classification – Odd one out (commercial transactions vs credit/loan): Which term does not belong: Barter, Purchase, Sale, Borrow?

Introduction / Context:
Three options describe exchange transactions where goods/services change ownership for something in return (goods or money). One option is not an exchange of ownership but a temporary acquisition with the intent to return. The item representing a loan/credit action is the odd one out.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Barter — exchange of goods/services for other goods/services (no money).
• Purchase — acquire goods/services by paying money.
• Sale — transfer goods/services to a buyer in return for money.
• Borrow — take and use something with the intention to return it; no transfer of ownership.

Concept / Approach:
Classify by “ownership transfer.” Barter/Purchase/Sale involve a transfer of ownership (or reciprocal exchange). Borrowing does not transfer ownership; it is temporary possession. Therefore, Borrow is the odd one out despite being economically related.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Mark exchange/ownership-transfer actions: Barter, Purchase, Sale.2) Mark temporary-use/return action: Borrow.3) Choose Borrow as the outlier.

Verification / Alternative check:
Test with “receipt of title/ownership.” Title typically changes hands in sale/purchase/barter, but not in borrowing.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
They involve completed exchanges rather than temporary loans.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing “borrow” with “buy on credit.” Buying on credit still transfers ownership; borrowing does not.

Final Answer:
Borrow