Basic atomic number knowledge: silicon How many protons are present in the nucleus of a neutral silicon atom (i.e., what is the atomic number of silicon)?

Introduction / Context:
The atomic number Z equals the number of protons in the nucleus, which also equals the number of electrons in a neutral atom. Knowing Z for common semiconductor elements is foundational in electronics and materials science.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Element: silicon (Si).
• Neutral atom: electrons = protons = Z.

Concept / Approach:

Silicon is in group 14 of the periodic table and has atomic number Z = 14. Therefore, a neutral silicon atom contains 14 protons (and 14 electrons).

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Silicon isotopes (e.g., Si-28) differ in neutron count, not proton count; Z remains 14 for all silicon.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

4, 8, 12, and 28 correspond to other elements or mass number confusion, not Si’s proton count.

Common Pitfalls:

Mixing atomic number with mass number (e.g., Si-28 has 28 nucleons, not 28 protons).

Final Answer:

14