Monotonicity definition: A DAC is called nonmonotonic if its output magnitude increases for every increasing input code. Classify this statement.

Introduction / Context:Monotonicity is critical in control and instrumentation: as the input code steps up, the analog output should never step down. Misstating the definition leads to misinterpretation of datasheets and system stability issues.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Monotonic DAC: output does not decrease when input code increases by one step.
• Nonmonotonic DAC: at some code transition, output decreases (step reversal).
• Architecture (R-2R, current steering, segmented) does not change the definition.

Concept / Approach:The statement provided actually defines monotonic behavior, not nonmonotonic. A nonmonotonic DAC can create control loop oscillations or dead zones because increased command produces a lower output near certain transitions—an unacceptable condition for many applications.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:Check DNL: if worst-case DNL ≤ 1 LSB, the DAC is guaranteed monotonic. If DNL exceeds 1 LSB, nonmonotonic steps can occur, confirming the industry usage of the term.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Common Pitfalls:Confusing monotonicity with linearity; assuming glitch energy implies nonmonotonicity (glitches are transient, not static step order errors).

Final Answer:Incorrect