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Natural circulation in steam boilers: driving mechanism State how water circulation is produced in natural-circulation boilers during operation. Choose the correct statement.

Difficulty: Easy

Correct Answer: By convection currents established by density differences when water is heated

Explanation:

Concept

In natural-circulation boilers, heating in the riser tubes reduces water density, producing convection currents between risers and downcomers that circulate water without any pump.

Why others are incorrect

  • No pump or draft fan circulates water in a natural system.
  • Injectors are for feeding water into the boiler, not for internal circulation.

Final AnswerCirculation is by convection currents due to density differences.

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