Minimum gradient in station yards What is the usual limiting steepness for the minimum gradient adopted within station yards to prevent undesired rolling and to simplify shunting?

Introduction / Context:
Station yards contain many pointwork elements and standing vehicles. Excessive gradients can cause vehicles to roll, complicate shunting, and increase safety risks. Therefore, a gentle limiting gradient is specified for yard design and reconstruction.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• We seek the typical maximum steepness (minimum gradient) used within yards.
• Operational safety and ease of shunting are priorities.

Concept / Approach:
Yard gradients are kept as flat as practicable. A commonly adopted limiting gradient is 1 in 400. Flatter gradients like 1 in 1000 are even better but may not always be feasible; steeper than 1 in 400 increases operational risk and complicates stabling and coupling operations.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Consider safety: minimize uncontrolled movement.Adopt a practical limit: 1 in 400 serves as a standard yard maximum gradient.This value balances drainage/formational needs with operational safety.

Verification / Alternative check:
Permanent-way and yard-layout guides cite 1 in 400 as a commonly accepted limit for yard gradients under normal conditions, with local adjustments as required.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
1 in 1000 and 1 in 750: Flatter than necessary and not the usual limiting value.1 in 500: Sometimes used, but 1 in 400 is the prevalent limiting standard.Zero: Ideally flat, but impractical over long yards and not codified as a general rule.

Common Pitfalls:

• Assuming the flattest possible gradient is always used; site constraints often dictate the practical limit.
• Confusing mainline ruling gradients with yard gradient standards.

Final Answer:
1 in 400